砂岩拉剪强度和破裂特征试验研究及数值模拟

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1093

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摘要岩石高边坡和地下工程开挖等易诱发岩体拉剪破坏灾害。设计一种可在伺服控制压剪试验机上使用的岩石拉剪装置，该装置可保证荷载和位移控制精度，利用其开展砂岩单轴拉伸、拉剪和压剪试验。砂岩拉剪强度包络呈非线性，在全法向应力区的强度包络可用Hoek-Brown准则描述。针对常规PFC平行黏结Mohr-Coulomb强度准则无法有效模拟岩石非线性强度包络，基于砂岩试验结果建立平行黏结Hoek-Brown强度准则并通过简单转换方法编入PFC程序，方便有效地模拟砂岩拉剪强度和破裂特征及细观力学机制。拉剪情况下破裂面裂纹相对较细，更具张性，而压剪情况下微裂纹数量相对较多，损伤更强烈。随着法向应力sn增加，破裂面张性减弱而剪性增强，但因剪切膨胀原因，较小法向应力的压剪情况下破裂面仍以拉剪裂纹为主。根据数值模拟结果，可将拉剪和压剪应力状态下岩石的损伤演化过程大致分为弹性变形、稳定破裂发展、不稳定破裂发展和整体破裂4个阶段。sn较大时弹性变形阶段和不稳定破裂发展阶段相对较长，峰前塑性变形较多，拉剪情况下更具弹脆性。

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	岑夺丰
	刘超
	黄达

关键词 ：岩石力学, 拉剪强度, 强度准则, 岩石破裂, 颗粒流模拟

Abstract：High rock slope and underground engineering excavations can easily induce rock mass tension-shear failure disasters. A kind of rock tension and shear device，which can be used in servo-controlled compression and shear test machine to ensure the accuracy of load and displacement control，is designed，and uniaxial tension，tension-shear and compression-shear tests of sandstone were carried out. The tension-shear strength envelope of sandstone is nonlinear and can be described by Hoek-Brown criterion in the full normal stress zone. In view of the failure of conventional PFC parallel bond Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion to effectively simulate the nonlinear strength envelope of rocks，a parallel bond Hoek-Brown strength criterion was established based on the sandstone test results and programmed into the PFC program through a simple conversion method to effectively simulate the tensile-shear strength，fracture characteristics and mesomechanical mechanisms of sandstone. The cracks on the fracture surface is relatively thin and more tensional in the case of tension and shear，while the number of microcracks is relatively large and the damage is more intense in the case of compression and shear. With increasing the normal stress sn，the failure surface becomes less tensile and more shear. Due to shear dilation，however，tensile-shear cracks are still dominant under a smaller normal stress. Based on the numerical simulation results，the damage evolution process of rock under tension-shear or compression-shear stresses can be roughly divided into four stages including elastic deformation，stable rupture development，unstable rupture development and overall failure. When sn is larger，the stages of elastic deformation and unstable rupture development are relatively longer，the pre-peak plastic deformation is more and rock under tension and shear condition is more elastic-brittle.

Key words： rock mechanics tension-shear strength strength criterion rock rupture particle flow simulation

引用本文:

岑夺丰，刘超，黄达. 砂岩拉剪强度和破裂特征试验研究及数值模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(7): 1333-1342.
CEN Duofeng，LIU Chao，HUANG Da. Experimental and numerical study on tensile-shear strength and rupture characteristics of sandstone#br#. , 2020, 39(7): 1333-1342.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1093 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I7/1333

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