岩石梯度应力加载试验装置研制及初步试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1206

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摘要地下工程围岩体承受线性或非线性梯度地应力，目前没有理想的对岩石施加梯度应力的试验方法和装置。根据工程围岩体中径向和切向应力的变化规律，研制一套对岩石长试件模拟梯度应力环境的试验装置，该试验系统由基座平台及水平封闭受力支架、轴向加载装置、横向加载装置及附属部件和工具等组成。研究试件上下侧面法向荷载的确定、橡胶垫厚度以及橡胶垫–试件之间静摩擦因数的确定等关键试验技术。分别用不锈钢和红砂岩制备长试件，通过试验验证该试验方法和试验系统的可行性。结果表明，该试验方法和系统能较好地对试件模拟施加线性或非线性梯度静应力环境，且具有加载方式简单、能实现多种静应力梯度形式的特点。对红砂岩试件施加均匀螺栓旋紧力矩时，横截面具有线性梯度静应力和非线性梯度静应变；随均匀旋紧力矩值的增加，岩石压缩应变演化曲线的曲率越来越小。当施加非均匀螺栓旋紧力矩时，轴向压缩应力和压缩应变呈非线性形式变化，随着螺栓旋紧力矩非均匀梯度值的增加，轴向压缩应变的非线性梯度值也越来越大。

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	金解放1
	张睿1
	王熙博1
	吴越2
	余雄1
	钟依禄1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 梯度静应力, 试验方法, 试验装置, 变形特性

Abstract：The surrounding rock is subjected to linear or nonlinear gradient geo-stress. However, there is no ideal loading test method and device for applying gradient stress on rock，which has severely restricted the investigation of mechanical properties of rock under gradient stresses. Based on the distribution regularities of the tangential and radial stresses around underground circular opening，a new test device was developed to simulate the gradient static stress environment on a long rock specimen. The loading device system consists of a base platform and horizontal close load-bearing bracket，an axial loading device，a transverse loading device，and some auxiliary parts and tools. The key test techniques for determining the normal forces on upper and lower lateral sides of specimens，the thickness of the rubber blanket，the static friction coefficient between red sandstone/stainless steel and rubber blanket were studied. The long specimens were prepared with stainless steel and red sandstone. The gradient stress loading tests of stainless steel and red sandstone specimens were carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed test method and device system. The results show that the test method and device system can ideally simulate linear and nonlinear gradient static stress on a long specimen，and that the test device system is easy to operate and can realize various static stress gradient modes. When the uniform bolt tightening torque is applied on red sandstone specimens，the cross-section of specimens will have linear gradient static stress and nonlinear gradient static strain. With increasing the bolt tightening torque，the curvature of the gradient strain curve becomes smaller and smaller. When the non-uniform bolt tightening torque is applied on red sandstone specimens，both the stress and the strain on the cross-section of red sandstone specimens are nonlinear. As the non-uniform gradient of the bolt tightening torque increases，the non-linear gradient of the axial compressive strain becomes larger.

Key words： rock mechanics gradient static stress test method test device deformation characteristic

引用本文:

金解放1，张睿1，王熙博1，吴越2，余雄1，钟依禄1. 岩石梯度应力加载试验装置研制及初步试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(8): 1547-1559.
JIN Jiefang1，ZHANG Rui1，WANG Xibo1，WU Yue2，YU Xiong1，ZHONG Yilu1. Development of a rock gradient stress loading test device and its primary application. , 2020, 39(8): 1547-1559.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1206 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I8/1547

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