拉林铁路变坡面倾角崩塌落石对桥梁结构破坏作用的模拟分析与试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0097

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摘要崩塌落石其性质结构复杂、作用因素多样，仍存在众多难题尚未解决，特别是铁路桥梁工程受崩塌落石冲击后的动力响应是当下尚未解决的关键难题之一。本文以拉林铁路某段桥梁工程典型工点为例，运用Rocfall仿真计算，着重就同一结构面不同坡面倾角岩体崩塌落石运动过程对桥梁结构破坏作用产生的平动速度、弹跳高度、总动能等进行动态变化分析，基于上述分析，结合模型试验加速度响应测试，利用SPECTR计算程序对其加速度、速度和位移动力反应谱特性进行分析评价。研究结果：(1) 危岩落石运动方式主要与坡面倾角的大小有关，坡面倾角较大，落石从坡面以滚落运动为主；坡面倾角较小，落石从坡面以滑落运动为主。(2) 危岩落石受到动摩擦力作用、恢复系数的影响，在每次撞击混凝土桥面的过程中速度都会呈非线性减小。(3) 岩体崩塌落石对结构物撞击产生较大的短时加速度脉冲效应，当结构物基频相同时，落石从坡面运动的空间变化是引起振动特性响应差异显著的主要因素。(4) 速度响应时程曲线近似呈“余弦”型，总体上表现出随着时间增加呈现非线性增减变化，且大角度坡面倾角其速度响应峰值略大于小角度坡面倾角，落石对结构物的撞击时间效应与坡面倾角相关，坡面倾角越大，触发时间效应越明显，受振有效持续时间越久。(5) 阻尼比取值介于10%～20%时，反应谱曲线衰减幅度最为显著，介于30%～40%时，加速度反应谱曲线表现明显分异，设计宜鼓励增大桥梁的柔性抗冲击性能。上述研究成果，对于新建川藏铁路山区桥梁基础施工具有工程指导意义。

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关键词 ：工程地质, 铁路桥梁工程, 崩塌落石, Rocfall, 物理模型试验, SPECTR, 时程分析, 反应谱特性

Abstract：There are still many problems to be solved due to the complex structure and various factors of rockfall，especially the dynamic response of railway bridge engineering to the impact of rockfall is one of the key problems to be solved. This paper takes a typical bridge engineering site of La-Ling Railway as an example，using Rocfall simulation，focuses on the dynamic analysis of the total kinetic energy of translational velocity，spring height and so on caused by rock mass collapse and rock falling on the same structural plane with different slope inclinations，based on the above analysis，combined with the model test acceleration response test，using SPECTR calculating program of the acceleration，velocity and displacement features of the dynamic response spectrum analysis and evaluation. The results：(1) The rockfall movement is mainly related to the slope dip angle. The slope dip angle is relatively large，the rock falling from the slope is mainly rolling movement；The slope angle is small，and the falling stone mainly slides from the slope. (2) Under the influence of dynamic friction and recovery coefficient，the falling rock of the dangerous rock will have a nonlinear decrease in the process of each impact on the concrete bridge deck. (3) Rock mass rockfall has a large short-term acceleration pulse effect on the impact of structure. When the fundamental frequency of structure is the same，the spatial change of rock fall movement from the slope is the main factor causing the significant difference in response of vibration characteristics. (4) Speed response time history curve approximation shows "cosine" type，the overall even increase over time and present nonlinear changes，increase or decrease its speed and large angle slope angle response peak slightly bigger than the small angle，slope angle rockfall impact time effect of structure on the associated with the slope angle，slope angle，the greater the triggering time effect，the more obvious，the longer duration of vibration effectively. (5) When the damping ratio is between 10% and 20%，the attenuation range of the response spectrum curve is the most significant，and when the value is between 30% and 40%，the acceleration response spectrum curve shows obvious difference. Therefore，the design should encourage the increase of the bridge¢s flexible anti-impact performance. The above research results have engineering guiding significance for the construction of new bridges in mountainous areas of Sichuan—tibet railway.

Key words： engineering geology railway bridge engineering rockfall Rocfall physical model test SPECTR time history analysis response spectrum characteristics

引用本文:

王翔1，2，牌立芳2，3，吴红刚2，4，5. 拉林铁路变坡面倾角崩塌落石对桥梁结构破坏作用的模拟分析与试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(8): 1622-1633.
WANG Xiang1，2，PAI Lifang2，3，WU Honggang2，4，5. Simulation analysis and experimental study on the damage of bridge structure caused by tilt collapse and rockfall on the slope of Lalin railway#br#. , 2020, 39(8): 1622-1633.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0097 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I8/1622

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