柴达木盆地盐湖区盐生植物根–土复合体物理力学性质指标概率统计分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1083

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (605 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要根–土复合体抗剪强度值是评价土壤抗侵蚀能力的重要指标，受植物生长期、植物种类等因素影响，植物根–土复合体抗剪强度值往往表现出较大程度的变异性。为有效降低这种变异性，在实际研究过程中需开展一定数量的复合体剪切试验，以便合理地确定根–土复合体抗剪强度值大小，以及复合体抗剪强度影响因素的作用程度。为此，开展定量分析不同植物根–土复合体抗剪强度、影响复合体抗剪强度的主要因素，以及复合体抗剪强度指标与各影响因素之间的关系，是亟待解决的关键问题。基于此，本文以生长于柴达木盆地大柴旦盐湖湖滨区的5种盐生植物根–土复合体为研究对象，通过室内直剪试验对上述根–土复合体原状试样进行直剪试验，获得其抗剪强度指标黏聚力c值和内摩擦角值；通过烘干称重法获得复合体含水率、通过洗根称重法获得其含根量、采用游标卡尺测定法获得其根径。在此基础上，以黏聚力c值、内摩擦角值、含水率、根径和含根量5项试验值为指标，进一步分析了含水率、含根量和根径3种因素与复合体黏聚力c值和内摩擦角值的相关性，并采用正态分布、伽马分布、瑞利分布和威布尔分布函数对上述5项指标进行拟合分析，获得了相应分布函数的分布参数；最后采用柯尔莫哥洛夫–斯米洛夫检验(KS test)对上述指标进行分布检验。研究结果表明：复合体5项物理力学性质指标中，含水率与黏聚力c值存在负相关性，含根量与黏聚力c值呈正相关性，其余2项指标(根径、含水率)与黏聚力c值间相关性不显著，且含水率、含根量、根径与内摩擦角φ值间相关性亦不显著；此外，内摩擦角值服从正态分布和伽马分布，其余4项指标均服从正态分布、伽马分布和威布尔分布；其中，内摩擦角值最优分布函数为正态分布，黏聚力和含根量最优分布函数为威布尔分布，根径和含水率最优分布函数均为伽马分布。该项研究成果对于合理分析根–土复合体抗剪强度指标的影响因素，进一步深入探讨复合体抗剪强度影响因素之间的相互作用关系具有理论参考价值和实际指导意义，且为合理评价研究区及其与研究区自然条件相类似地区的不同盐生植物增强土体强度，防治盐湖区草原荒漠化现象的发生提供理论支撑，同时对于实现区域生态环境的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	付江涛1
	余冬梅2
	李晓康3
	刘昌义4
	胡夏嵩2
	4

关键词 ：土力学, 柴达木盆地, 根&ndash, 土复合体, 抗剪强度指标, 分布函数, 相关性分析, 柯尔莫哥洛夫&ndash, 斯米洛夫检验

Abstract：Shear strength indices are key parameters used to assess the anti-scourability of rooted soil. Influenced by factors such as growth period of vegetation，vegetation species type，etc.，values of shear strength indices of rooted soil usually exhibit great variability. To reduce this variability，the shear experiment of rooted soil should be repeated more times to improve the accuracy of shear strength indices and to evaluate the influence factors. However，increasing the number of specimens means extensive damage and disturbance to the ecosystem of grassland，which is frail and vulnerable to be damaged and disturbed. Thus，the priority with reference to specimens is to decrease the number of sampled rooted soil. In this paper，rooted soil of halophytes in salt lake regions of the Daqiadam Lake in Haixi，Qinghai，was selected as the shear test object to obtain the shear strength indices. Oven drying and weighting were used to obtain the moisture content as well as root washing and weighting for the root content，and the root diameter in rooted soil was obtained using a vernier caliper. The correlations between shear strength indices of rooted soil with root content，root diameter and moisture content were analyzed，then，the distribution patterns and the distribution parameters of these physical variables were fitted based on Normal，Gamma，Rayleigh and Weibull distributions，and next Kolmogorov- Smilov test was used to verify these distribution. The results show that，among the five physical indices，the cohesion has a negative correlation with the moisture content while a positive correlation with the root content，and no obvious correlation exists among other physical indices. It is also revealed that the optimal distributions for internal friction angle，the cohesion and the root content，and the root diameter and moisture content are respectively Normal distribution，Weibull distribution and Gamma distribution. This research contributes to further investigate the factors impacting the shear strength of rooted soil and to explore the interaction among the factors，and also has a real meaning in reducing the disturbance and damage to grassland due to the activities of rooted soil sampling.

Key words： soil mechanics Qiadam basin root-soil composite shear strength indices distribution function correlation analysis Kolmogorov-Smilov test

引用本文:

付江涛1，余冬梅2，李晓康3，刘昌义4，胡夏嵩2，4. 柴达木盆地盐湖区盐生植物根–土复合体物理力学性质指标概率统计分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(8): 1696-1709.
FU Jiangtao1，YU Dongmei2，LI Xiaokang3，LIU Changyi4，HU Xiasong2，4. Statistical probability analysis of the physical index of rooted soil in Qiadam basin. , 2020, 39(8): 1696-1709.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1083 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I8/1696

[5]	GRAY D，LEISER A. Biotechnical slope protection and erosion control[M] . New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold Company，1982：39-50.
[23]	孙世洲，孔令韶. 青海省大柴旦盆地植被[J]. 西北植物学报，1992，12(1)：61-71.(SUN Shizhou，KONG Lingshao. The vegetation of Da Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province[J]. Acta Botanica Sinensis，1992，12(1)：61-71.(in Chinese))
[17]	李睿. 煤炭勘查中岩土参数的统计分析[J]. 煤田地质与勘探，2016，44(5)：117-121.(LI Rui. Statistical analysis of geotechnical parameters in coal exploration[J]. Coal Geology and Exploration，2016，44(5)：117-121.(in Chinese))
[29]	陈立宏，陈祖煜，刘金梅，等. 土体抗剪强度指标的概率分布类型研究[J]. 岩土力学，2005，26(1)：37-40.(CHEN Lihong，CHEN Zuyu，LIU Jinmei，et al. Probability distribution of soil strength[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2005，26(1)：37-40.(in Chinese))
[7]	THOMAS R E，POLLENBANKHEAD N. Modeling root-reinforcement with a fiber-bundle model and Monte Carlo simulation[J]. Ecological Engineering，2010，36(1)：47-61.
[26]	张彦召，左双英，季永新. 红黏土在原状及重塑状态下的力学性质试验研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报，2017，13(6)：1 477-1 482. (ZHANG Yanzhao，ZUO Shuangying，JI Yongxin. Experimental study on undisturbed and reconstituted mechanical properties of red clay[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering，2017，13(6)：1 477-1 482.(in Chinese))
[9]	JI J N，MAO Z，QU W B，et al. Energy-based fibre bundle model algorithms to predict soil reinforcement by roots[J]. Plant and Soil，2020.(to be Pressed).https：//doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04327-z.
[19]	HE H X，LIU Y，BI S F，et al. Estimation of failure probability in braced excavation using Bayesian networks with integrated model updating[J]. Underground Space，2020.(to be Pressed). https：//doi.org/ 10.1016/j.undsp.2019.07.001.
[28]	SAPKOTA R P，STAHL P D，NORTON U. Anthropogenic disturbances shift diameter distribution of woody plant species in Shorea robusta Gaertn(Sal) mixed forests of Nepal[J]. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity，2019，12(1)：115-128.
[35]	张继周，缪林昌. 岩土参数概率分布类型及其选择标准[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(增2)：3 526-3 532.(ZHANG Jizhou，MIAO Linchang. Types and selection criteria of probability distribution of rock and soil parameters[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(Supp.2)：3 526-3 532.(in Chinese))
[37]	MONTEIRO S N，MARGEM F M，FÁBIO O B，et al. Weibull analysis of the tensile strength dependence with fiber diameter of giant bamboo[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology，2017，6(4)：317-322.
[38]	TEMGOUA A G T，KOKUTSE N K，KAVAZOVI Z. Influence of forest stands and root morphologies on hillslope stability[J]. Ecological Engineering，2016，(95)：622-634.
[40]	FU J T，HU X S，BRIERLEY G，et al. The influence of plant root system architectural properties upon the stability of loess hillslopes，Northeast Qinghai，China[J]. Journal of Mountain Science，2016，13(5)：785-801.
[43]	盖钧镒. 试验统计方法[M]. 北京：中国农业出版社，2000：157-192.(GAI Junyi. Method of experimental statistics[M]. Beijing：Chinese Agriculture Press，2000：157-192.(in Chinese))
[14]	李刚，张金利，杨庆. 不同成因沉积土物理力学指标概率统计分析[J]. 岩土力学，2017，38(12)：3 565-3 572.(LI Gang，ZHANG Jinli，YANG Qing. Probabilistically statistical analysis on physico-mechanical indices for sediment soils[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2017，38(12)：3 565-3 572.(in Chinese))
[16]	张继周，缪林昌，刘峰. 岩土参数的不确定性及其统计方法[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(增1)：495-499.(ZHANG Jizhou，MIAO Linchang，LIU Feng. Uncertainties of soil properties and its statistical methods[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(Supp.1)：495-499.(in Chinese))
[18]	宫凤强，侯尚骞，岩小明. 基于正态信息扩散原理的Mohr-Coulomb强度准则参数概率模型推断方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2013，32(11)：2 225-2 234.(GONG Fengqiang，HOU Shangqiang，YAN Xiaoming. Probability model deduction method of Mohr-Coulomb criteria parameters based on normal information diffusion principle[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2013，32(11)：2 225-2 234.(in Chinese))
[21]	吴越，刘东升，孙树国，等. 岩土强度参数正态-逆伽马分布的最大后验估计[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，38(6)：1 188-1 196. (WU Yue，LIU Dongsheng，SUN Shuguo，et al. Maximum posteriori estimation of strength parameters for geotechnical material obeying normal-inverse Gamma distribution[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2019，38(6)：1 188-1 196.(in Chinese))
[25]	邹长新，沈渭寿，张慧. 新建青藏铁路施工期土壤侵蚀预测[J]. 水土保持通报，2003，23(6)：15-18.(ZOU Changxin，SHENG Weishou，ZHANG Hui. Soil erosion prediction for construction of qinghai-tibetan railway[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation，，2003，23(6)：15-18.(in Chinese))
[27]	杨幼清，胡夏嵩，李希来，等. 高寒矿区草本植物根系增强排土场边坡土体抗剪强度试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质，2018，45(6)：105-113.(YANG Youqing，HU Xiasong，LI Xilai，et al. An experimental study of the soil shear strength reinforcement of a mine dump slope by herbaceous root systems in alpine regions[J]. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology，2018，45(6)：105-113.(in Chinese))
[30]	ANDRAŠEV S，BOBINAC M，ORLOVIC´ S. Diameter structure models of black poplar selected clones in the section Aigeiros(Duby) obtained by the Weibull distribution[J]. Sumarski List，2009，(11/12)：589-603.
[33]	DIAMANTOPOULOUA M J，ÖZÇELIK R，CRECENTE-CAMPO F，et al. Estimation of Weibull function parameters for modelling tree diameter distribution using least squares and artificial neural networks methods[J]. Biosystems Engineering，2015，133：33-45.
[2]	STOKES A，RAYMOND P，POLSTER D，et al. Engineering the ecological mitigation of hillslope stability research into the scientific literature[J]. Ecological Engineering，2013，61(part C)：615-620.
[12]	NATASHA P，ANDREW S. Estimating the mechanical effects of riparian vegetation on stream bank stability using a fiber bundle model[J]. Water Resources Research，2005，41(W07025)：1-11.
[15]	李双洋，赖远明，张明义，等. 高温冻土弹性模量及强度分布规律研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2007，26(增2)：4 299-4 305.(LI Shuangyang，LAI Yuanming，ZHANG Mingyi，et al. Study on distribution laws of elastic modulus and strength of warm frozen soil[J] Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2007，26(Supp.2)：4 299-4 305.(in Chinese))
[22]	栗岳洲，付江涛，余冬梅，等. 寒旱环境盐生植物根系固土护坡力学效应及其最优含根量探讨[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(7)：1 370-1 383.(LI Yuezhou，FU Jiangtao，YU Dongmei，et al. Mechanical effects of halophytes roots and optimal root content for slope protection in cold and arid environment[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(7)：1 370-1 383.(in Chinese))
[24]	赵丹，余冬梅，胡夏嵩，等. 青海柴达木盆地大柴旦盐湖区盐生植物降盐效应[J]. 盐湖研究，2016，24(4)：37-47.(ZHAO Dan，YU Dongmei，HU Xiasong，et al. The bio-desalinization effect by halophytes in Da Qaidam Salt Lake Area[J]. Journal of Salt Lake Research，2016，24(4)：37-47.(in Chinese))
[31]	MCGARRIGLE E，KERSHAW J A，LAVIGNE M B，et al. Predicting the number of trees in small diameter classes using predictions from a two-parameter Weibull distribution[J]. Forestry，2011，84(4)：431-439.
[34]	DAN B，SJÖBERG R M，LUNDBERG L G. A study of tree distribution in diameter classes in natural forests of Iran(Case Study: Liresara Forest)[J]. Annals of Biological Research，2017，160(1)：77-82.
[1]	YE C，GUO Z，LI Z，et al. The effect of Bahiagrass roots on soil erosion resistance of Aquults in subtropical China[J]. Geomorphology，2017，285(15)：82-93.
[4]	宗全利，冯博，蔡杭兵，等. 塔里木河流域河岸植被根系护坡的力学机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2018，37(5)：1 290-1 300. (ZONG Quanli，FENG Bo，CAI Hangbing，et al. Study on mechanical mechanism of riverbank protection from desert riparian vegetation roots in Tarim River basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2018，37(5)：1 290-1 300.(in Chinese))
[6]	SCHWARZ M，COHEN D，OR D. Root-soil mechanical interactions during pullout and failure of root bundles[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface，2010，115(F04035)：1-19.
[8]	JI J N，KOKUTSE N，GENET M，et al. Effect of spatial variation of tree root characteristics on slope stability. A case study on Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and Arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis) stands on the Loess Plateau，China[J]. Catena，2012，92：139-154.
[11]	FERENC K，STEFANO Z，HANS J H. Damage in fiber bundle models[J]. The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter，2000，17(2)：269-279.
[3]	SCHWARZ M，GIADROSSICH F，COHEN D. Modeling root reinforcement using a root-failure Weibull survival function[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences，2013，17(11)：4 367-4 377.
[10]	及金楠，田佳，瞿文斌. 基于连续断裂过程的根系黏聚力Wu氏模型修正系数的确定[J]. 林业科学，2017，53(11)：170-178.(JI Jinnan，TIAN Jia，QU Wenbin. Determination of correction coefficients of wu's model of root cohesion based on successive fracture process[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae，2017，53(11)：170-178.(in Chinese))
[13]	祁兆鑫，余冬梅，刘亚斌，等. 寒旱环境盐生植物根-土复合体抗剪强度影响因素试验研究[J]. 工程地质学报，2017，25(6)：1 438-1 448.(QI Zhaoxing，YU Dongmei，LIU Yabin，et al. Experimental research on factors affecting shear strength of halophyte root-soil composite systems in cold and arid environments[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2017，25(6)：1 438-1 448.(in Chinese))
[20]	ZHANG L，LI D Q，TANG X S，et al. Bayesian model comparison and characterization of bivariate distribution for shear strength parameters of soil[J]. Computers and Geotechnics，2020.(to be Pressed)
[32]	汪少华，杨婷. 古尔班通古特沙漠南缘梭梭基径结构分布模拟[J]. 干旱区资源与环境，2018，32(7)：104-111.(WANG Shaohua，YANG Ting. Modeling basal diameter distribution of Haloxylon ammodendron on the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert，Northwest China[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment，2018，32(7)：104-111.(in Chinese))
[36]	TU J W，GUO D L，MEI S T，et al. Three- parameter Weibull distribution model for tensile strength of GFRP bars based on experimental tests[J]. Materials Research Innovation，2015，19(Supp.5)：1 191-1 196.
[39]	STOKES A，ATGER C，BENGOUGH A G，et al. Desirable plant root traits for protecting natural and engineered slopes against landslides[J]. Plant and Soil，2009，324(1/2)：1-30.
[41]	周品，赵新芬. MATLAB数理统计分析[M]. 北京：国防工业出版社，2009：70-95.(ZHOU Pin，ZHAO Xinfen. Matlab and mathematical statistic[M]. Beijing：National Defence Industry Press，2009：70-95.(in Chinese))
[42]	李华坦，李国荣，赵玉娇，等. 模拟自然降雨条件下植物根系增强边坡土体抗剪强度特征[J]. 农业工程学报，2016，32(4)：142-149. (LI Huatan，LI Guorong，ZHAO Yujiao，et al. Characteristics of slope soil shear strength reinforced by vegetation roots under artificially simulated rainfall condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE)，2016，32(4)：142-149.(in Chinese))
[44]	童行伟，梁宝生. 概率论基础教程[M]. 北京：机械工业出版社，2014：162.(TONG Xinwei，LIANG Baosheng. A first course in probability[M]. Beijing：China Machine Press，2014：162.(in Chinese))
[46]	ZHANG D B，ZHANG Y，CHENG T. Measurement of grass root reinforcement for copper slag mixed soil using improved shear test apparatus and calculating formula[J]. Measurement，2018，(118)：14-22.
[45]	FAN C C，SU C F. Role of roots in the shear strength of root-reinforced soils with high moisture content[J]. Ecological Engineering，2008，33(2)：157-166.
[47]	于青春，孙婉，陈波，等. 松-嫩平原苏打型盐渍土强度特性研究[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(7)：1 793-1 796.(YU Qingqing，SUN Wan，CHEN Bo，et al. Research y on strength of Song-Nen Plain soda-saline soil[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(7)：1 793- 1 796.(in Chinese))
[48]	王元战，刘旭菲，张智凯，等. 含根量对原状与重塑草根加筋土强度影响的试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2015，37(8)：1 405-1 410. (WANG Yuanzhan，LIU Xufei，ZHANG Zikai，et al. Experimental research on influence of root content on strength of undisturbed and remolded grassroots-reinforced soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2015，37(8)：1 405-1 410.(in Chinese))
[49]	金浏，韩亚强，杜修力. 混凝土单轴动态拉伸强度随机性的统计特性分析[J]. 振动与冲击，2016，35(24)：6-13.(JIN Liu，HAN Yaqiang，DU Xiuli. Statistical investigation on the randomness of uniaxial dynamic tensile strengths of concrete[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2016，35(24)：6-13.(in Chinese))
[50]	胡云涛，赵稼祥，吴运学. 复合材料力学性能的统计分布规律[J].材料工程，1991，(3)：1-3.(HU Yuntao，ZHAO Jiaxiang，WU Yunxue. Statistical distribution of mechanical properties of composite materials[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering，1991，(3)：1-3.(in Chinese))