Abstract A direct box shear test on granular material is successfully simulated by means of distinct element
method. Based on the simulation result s , a method is proposed to consider the effect of f rictional resistances be2
tween the upper shear box and the sample on the measured shear st rength when the sample is dilated during shear2
ing. The overall st rains in the sample are evaluated. The macro st ress2st rain relations on the shear plane are related
to the micro st ructural quantities of particles comprising the sample.
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Received: 23 October 2000
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