|
|
|
| 3D GEOMECHANICAL MODEL FOR PROGRESSIVE FAILURE PROGRESS OF WEAK BROKEN SURROUNDING ROCK IN SUPER LARGE SECTION TUNNEL |
| LI Liping1，2，LI Shucai1，ZHAO Yong3，LI Shuchen1，WANG Hanpeng1， LIU Qin1，ZHAO Yan1，YUAN Xiaoshuai1 |
| (1. Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center，Shandong University，Jinan，Shandong 250061，China；2. State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering，China University of Mining and Technology，Xuzhou，Jiangsu 221008，China；3. Consulting Department of Bridge and Tunnel，Identification Center for Engineering Design of Ministry of Railways，Beijing 100038，China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract To investigate the progressive failure progress of rock mass with increase of buried depth in super section tunnel，a 3D geomechanical model test system with homogeneous gradient loading and similar material of weak broken surrounding rock and support system were developed. Then the 3D model test was carried out which showed the progressive failure progress of weak broken surrounding rock of entire section method and bench method. Firstly，the weak broken surrounding rock in a range of 200–1 020 m in depth was taken as an example. The strain softening behavior of weak broken surrounding rock and shotcrete can be simulated by different proportion mixtures of iron powder，quartz sand，barite powder and rosin alcohol solutions. Polytef sticks can be used to simulate the bolts. Besides，combining the micro-devices of excavation and construction supporting the construction progress of entire section method and bench method can be well simulated by the 3D model. In addition，the changing information of stresses，displacements and loads in the scope of entire times of the tunnel diameter(0–3 times) can be monitored by fiber grating sensors，resistance strain gauge，multipoint extensometer and micro pressure cells. Secondly，an overloading test was carried out after the end of excavation. The loading gradient was 50 m on the direction of the burial depth until the significant failure characteristics occurred in the no supporting sections. Then the loading gradient was changed to 20 m until the initial shotcrete damaged in large areas. The test results show：(1) The failure zones of rock masses expand with the increase of the burial depth. The no supporting sections fail earliest. Then the failure zones extend to the supporting sections. And the final areas of failure zones decrease gradually. (2) The failure zones of rock masses of no supporting sections and the liner failure zones of supporting sections mainly focus on the crown which is the load sources of the liner failure and the collapse of the surrounding rock. There also exist failure zones on the side walls. The degree of damage increases from the upper part of the side wall to the skewback. (3) The growth rate of displacements in supporting sections is smaller than that in no supporting sections with the increase of burial depth. However，the growth rate of stresses and loads are just opposite. The supporting structures burden the loads obviously. (4) The failure depth of surrounding rocks increase continually in the overloading test. The dynamic pressure arching phenomenon occurs in the scope of crown. Hence，the top reinforcement theory is feasible in theory. The research methods and results will instruct similar engineering.
|
|
Received: 27 August 2011
|
|
|
|
| [1] MANDAL S K，SINGH M M. Evaluating extent and causes of overbreak in tunnels[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2009，24(1)：22–36.
[2] 李术才，薛翊国，张庆松，等. 高风险岩溶地区隧道施工地质灾害综合预报预警关键技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(7)：1 297–1 307.(LI Shucai，XUE Yiguo，ZHANG Qingsong，et al. Key technology study on comprehensive prediction and early-warning of geological hazards during tunnel construction in high-risk karst areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(7)：1 297–1 307.(in Chinese))
[3] 陈洁金，周 峰，阳军生，等. 山岭隧道塌方风险模糊层次分析[J]. 岩土力学，2009，30(8)：2 365–2 370.(CHEN Jiejin，ZHOU Feng，YANG Junsheng，et al. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process for risk evaluation of collapse during construction of mountain tunnel[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2009，30(8)：2 365–2 370.(in Chinese))
[4] 李利平. 高风险岩溶隧道突水灾变演化机制及其应用研究[博士学位论文][D]. 济南：山东大学，2009.(LI Liping. Study on catastrophe evolution mechansim of karst water inrush and its eengineering application of high risk karst tunnel[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Jinan：Shandong University，2009.(in Chinese))
[5] 汪成兵，朱合华. 隧道塌方机制及其影响因素离散元模拟[J]. 岩土工程学报，2008，30(3)：450–456.(WANG Chengbing，ZHU Hehua. Tunnel collapse mechanism and numerical analysis of its influencing factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2008，30(3)：450–456.(in Chinese))
[6] 李利平，李术才，张庆松. 岩溶地区隧道裂隙水突出力学机制研究[J]. 岩土力学，2010，31(2)：523–528.(LI Liping，LI Shucai，ZHANG Qingsong. Study of mechanism of water inrush induced by hydraulic fracturing in karst tunnels[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2010，31(2)：523–528.(in Chinese))
[7] 卢文波，周创兵，陈 明，等. 开挖卸荷的瞬态特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(11)：2 184–2 194.(LU Wenbo，ZHOU Chuangbing，CHEN Ming. et al. Research on transient characteristics of excavation unloading[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(11)：2 184–2 194.(in Chinese))
[8] 伍法权，刘 彤，汤献良，等. 坝基岩体开挖卸荷与分带研究——以小湾水电站坝基岩体开挖为例[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(6)：1 091–1 098.(WU Faquan，LIU Tong，TANG Xianliang，et al. Research on unloading and zonation of rock mass dam foundation excavation—a case study of Xiaowan hydropower station[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(6)：1 091– 1 098.(in Chinese))
[9] ZHOU X P， QIAN Q H， ZHANG B H. Zonal disintegration mechanism of deep crack-weakened rock masses under dynamic unloading[J]. Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica，2009，22(3)：240–250.
[10] 夏才初，李宏哲，刘 胜，等. 含节理岩石试件的卸荷变形特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(4)：697–704.(XIA Caichu，LI Hongzhe，LIU Sheng，et al. Study of deformation properties of jointed specimens under unloading conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(4)：697–704.(in Chinese))
[11] 邓华锋，李建林，易庆林，等. 软岩高边坡开挖卸荷变形研究[J]. 岩土力学，2009，30(6)：1 731–1 734.(DENG Huafeng，LI Jianlin，YI Qinglin，et al. Research on unloading deformation of soft rock high slope[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2009，30(6)：1 731–1 734.(in Chinese))
[12] 任爱武，伍法权，王 东，等. 大规模岩体开挖卸荷现象及其力学模式分析[J]. 长江科学院院报，2009，26(5)：34–41.(REN Aiwu，WU Faquan，WANG Dong，et al. Analysis of unloading phenomenon of rock excavation and its mechanics model of Xiaowan power station[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute，2009，26(5)：34–41.(in Chinese))
[13] 王汉鹏，李术才，张强勇. 分岔隧道模型试验与数值模拟超载安全度研究[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(9)：2 521–2 526.(WANG Hanpeng，LI Shucai，ZHANG Qiangyong. Model test and numerical simulation of overload safety of forked tunnel[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(9)：2 521–2 526.(in Chinese))
[14] 朱合华，黄 锋，徐前卫. 变埋深下软弱破碎隧道围岩渐进性破坏试验与数值模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(6)：1 113– 1 122.(ZHU Hehua，HUANG Feng，XU Qianwei. Model test and numerical simulation for progressive failure of weak and fractured tunnel surrounding rock under different overburden depths[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(6)：1 113– 1 122.(in Chinese))
[15] 吴顺川，张晓平，刘 洋. 基于颗粒元模拟的含软弱夹层类土质边坡变形破坏过程分析[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(11)：2 899–2 904. (WU Shunchuan，ZHANG Xiaoping，LIU Yang. Analysis of failure process of similar soil slope with weak intercalated layer based on particle flow simulation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(11)：2 899–2 904.(in Chinese))
[16] 朱维申，张乾兵，李 勇，等. 真三轴荷载条件下大型地质力学模型试验系统的研制及其应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(1)：1–7.(ZHU Weishen，ZHANG Qianbing，LI Yong，et al. Development of large-scale geomechanical model test system under true triaxial loading and its applications[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(1)：1–7.(in Chinese))
[17] 崔 溦，张社荣，刘东海. 节理岩体中隧洞开挖的渐进破坏模式[J]. 天津大学学报，2009，42(5)：382–387.(CUI Wei，ZHANG Sherong，LIU Donghai. Gradual failure mode of tunnel after excavation in jointed rock mass[J]. Journal of Tianjin University，2009，42(5)：382–387. (in Chinese))
[18] 杨令强，马 静，陈祖坪. 岩质边坡渐进破坏的三维随机分析[J]. 岩土力学，2009，30(2)：468–472.(YANG Lingqiang，MA Jing，CHEN Zuping. Three-dimensional stochastic analysis of progressive failure of rock slopes[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2009，30(2)：468–472.(in Chinese))
[19] 张强勇，刘德军，贾 超，等. 盐岩油气储库介质力学模型相似材料的研制[J]. 岩土力学，2009，30(12)：3 581–3 586.(ZHANG Qiangyong，LIU Dejun，JIA Chao，et al. Development of geomechanical model similitude material for salt rock oil-gas storage medium[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2009，30(12)：3 581–3 586.(in Chinese))
[20] 黄茂松，曹 杰. 隧道地震响应简化分析与动力离心试验验证[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(2)：271–280.(HUANG Maosong，CAO Jie. Simplified analysis of tunnel earthquake response and centrifuge modelling calibration[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(2)：271–280.(in Chinese))
[21] 马险峰，余 龙，李向红. 不同下卧层盾构隧道长期沉降离心模型试验[J]. 地下空间与工程学报，2010，6(1)：14–20.(MA Xianfeng，YU Long，LI Xianghong. Centrifuge modelling of longitudinal long-term settlement of shield tunnels overlying transitional ground[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering，2010，6(1)：14–20.(in Chinese))
[22] 刘光磊，宋二祥，刘华北，等. 饱和砂土地层中隧道结构动力离心模型试验[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(8)：2 070–2 076.(LIU Guanglei，SONG Erxiang，LIU Huabei，et al. Dynamic centrifuge tests on seismic response of tunnel in saturated sandy foundation[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(8)：2 070–2 076.(in Chinese))
[23] 李术才，李利平，李树忱，等. 地下工程突涌水物理模拟试验系统的研制及应用[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2010，27(3)：299–304.(LI Shucai，LI Liping，LI Shuchen，et al. Development and application of similar physical model test system for water inrush of underground engineering[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2010，27(3)：299–304.(in Chinese))
[24] 顾金才，顾雷雨，陈安敏，等. 深部开挖洞室围岩分层断裂破坏机制模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(3)：433–438.(GU Jincai，GU Leiyu，CHEN Anmin，et al. Model test study on mechanism of layered fracture within surrounding rock of tunnels in deep stratum[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(3)：433–438.(in Chinese))
[25] 张强勇，李术才，郭晓红. 组合式地质力学模型试验系统及其在分岔隧道工程中的应用[J]. 岩土力学，2007，29(9)：1 337–1 343. (ZHANG Qiangyong，LI Shucai，GUO Xiaohong. A combined geomechanical model test system and its application in a bifurcation tunnel project[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2007，29(9)：1 337– 1 343.(in Chinese))
[26] 李仲奎，王爱民，王克忠，等. 地下工程三维地质力学模型制作逆向控制技术研究与应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(9)：1 729–1 734.(LI Zhongkui，WANG Aimin，WANG Kezhong，et al. Study and application of inverse controlling technology for 3D geomechanical model construction of underground engineering[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(9)：1 729–1 734.(in Chinese)) |
|
|
|
2012, Vol. 31 
