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| Key methodologies for constructing large-scale water supply canals in desert |
| DENG Mingjiang1，WANG Yuanchao2，LI Jiang3，LI Shengyu4，LI Xin1 |
(1. Xinjiang Ertix River Basin Development Engineering Construction Management Bureau，Urumqi，Xinjiang 830000，China；
2. Xinjiang Ili River Basin Engineering Construction Management Bureau，Urumqi，Xinjiang 830000，China；3. Xinjiang
Planning and Design Administration Bureau of Water Resources and Hydropower，Urumqi，Xinjiang 830000，China；
4. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Urumqi，Xinjiang 830011，China) |
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Abstract The water supply project in Northern Xinjiang traverses the Junggar Basin from north to south. The open canal in Gurbantungut Desert is 166.5 km long. In the 1990s，a series of theoretical research，experiments and engineering practices were carried out regarding the field layout of canal line，sand foundation compaction，canal bed strengthening，wind prevention，sand fixation and eco-environment protection et al. After twelve years of operation and monitoring，the following conclusions are drawn through systematic analysis and evaluation：(1) the mode of the concentrated band arrangement for canal，shelterbelt，and road on platform has the advantages of small disturbance to desert，high efficiency in mechanized construction and management. The rolling and compaction technologies of sand foundation，wind-blown sand of canal bed and sand-gravel cushion resolved the technical problem for soil compaction and the compaction of two types of soils in the canal slopes simultaneously in the desert. (3) Using the soil water in the suspension wet sand layer，a biological sand control belt of 110 km long has been built with the mechanical sand fixation and biological sand control. A comprehensive sand prevention technology system including the wind prevention，sand fixation，deceleration of the sand and stepped sand blocking has been constructed. (4) The migration paths of wild animals are guaranteed. Using the biological sand control technology system，the vegetation landscape has been constructed along both sides of the canal. The biodiversity has been increased by improving the conditions of drinking water. A green ecological corridor has been built in the Gurbantungut Desert.
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2017, Vol. 36 
