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| Effect of bedding plane direction on fracture toughness of shale under different loading rates |
| LYU Youchang1，2 |
| (1. State Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Exploitation and Comprehensive Utilization，China Pingmei Shenma Group，Pingdingshan，Henan 467000，China；2. Institute of Energy and Chemical Industry，China Pingmei Shenma Group，Pingdingshan，Henan 467000，China) |
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Abstract In order to explore the influence of different loading rates on toughness of mode I fracture of layered shale，three types of shale specimens(Crack-arrester，Crack-splitter，Crack-divider) were tested for fracture toughness by using three point bending test. The toughness of mode I fracture of shale is positively correlated with the loading rate, i.e.，the toughness of mode I fracture increases gradually with the increasing of loading rate. The effect of loading rate on the fracture toughness of rock is mainly the duration of action of the damage development in the rock. The bedding direction has certain influence on the toughness of mode I fracture of shale. Layered rocks of the same matrix，due to the difference in structural orientation caused by its bedding，can result in differences in the resistance to fracturing. The Crack-divider type has the highest fracture toughness，the Crack-splitter type has the lowest fracture toughness，and the fracture toughness of Crack-arrester type is in between. This is mainly due to that the shale bedding surface is not obvious，the matrix body is complete and has high strength. For the shale with less obvious bedding and better integrity，the toughness of mode I fracture of Crack-splitter type and Crack-splitter type has little difference. The effect of layering direction on the toughness of mode I fracture of rocks corresponding to UCS Test. The relative toughness magnitude of mode I fracture of Crack-arrester and Crack-divider types can be determined by the relative values of UCS for vertical and parallel bedding.
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2018, Vol. 37 
