|
|
|
| Thermal influences on mechanical properties of oil sands |
| GAO Yanfang1,2,CHEN Mian1,2,LIN Botao1,2,JIN Yan1,2,CHEN Sen3,YU Huiyong3 |
(1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;
2. College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;
3. Oil Production Technology Research Institute,PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay,Xinjiang 834000,China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Oil sand reservoir is filled with the rich viscous bitumen,so the high temperature can make a significant influence on the reservoir stress/deformation in thermal recovery. High-temperature and high-pressure triaxial compression test is usually used for the modeling of reservoir deformation. To acquire the stress-strain response as well as the mechanical properties under the stress/temperature conditions corresponding to thermal operations,the effects of temperature on mechanical properties of oil sands in Athabasca,Cold Lake,Faja(Venezuela),and Karamay were studied. The microstructure of different oil sands was investigated to interpret the temperature- induced mechanical properties. It was concluded that the thermal effects on different oil sands differ greatly and that oil sands in Cold Lake and Karamay are more thermosensitive. According to the statistical analysis for normalized parameters under varying temperatures,it was found that the thermomechanical response for different oil sands can be divided into three patterns,determined by factors like the content of fine or bitumen,the degree of mineral grain crushing/rearrangement,the viscosity of bitumen and the cements and cementation types.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] DOAN D H,DELAGE P,NAUROY J F,et al. Microstructural characterization of a Canadian oil sand[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2012,49:1 212–1 220.
[2] YUAN X,DOU S,ZHANG J,et al. Consideration of geomechanics for in-situ bitumen recovery in Xinjiang,China[C]// Proceedings of the SPE Heavy Oil Conference. Calgary,Alberta,Canada:[s.n.],2013:SPE 165414.
[3] CARRIGY M A. The physical and chemical nature of a typical tar sand:bulk properties and behavior[C]// Proceedings of the Seventh World Petroleum Congress. Mexico:[s.n.],1967:WPC–12256.
[4] SPEIGHT J G. The chemistry and technology of petroleum,fifth edition[M]. Boca Raton:CRC Press,2014:17.
[5] 高彦芳,陈 勉,林伯韬,等. SAGD井挤液扩容水力波及范围模型[J]. 新疆石油地质,2018,39(2):202–208.(GAO Yanfang,CHEN Mian,LIN Botao,et al. An analytical model for water swept area in SAGD wells[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2018,39(2):202–208.(in Chinese))
[6] 高彦芳,陈 勉,林伯韬,等. 稠油油藏SAGD微压裂阶段储层压缩系数研究——以新疆风城陆相储层重1区齐古组为例[J]. 石油科学通报,2017,2(2):240–250.(GAO Yanfang,CHEN Mian,LIN Botao,et al. Study on compressibility during micro-fracturing in continental ultra-heavy oil sand reservoirs-taking the Qigu formation of Xinjiang Fengcheng oilfield Z1 Block for instance[J]. Petroleum Science Bulletin,2017,2(2):240–250.(in Chinese))
[7] GAO Y,CHEN M,LIN B,et al. Experimental investigation on compressibility of Karamay oil sands under water injection[C]// Proceedings of the 51st US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. San Francisco,California,USA:[s.n.],2017:ARMA 17–597.
[8] LIN B,JIN Y,PANG H,et al. Experimental investigation on dilation mechanics of land-facies Karamay oil sand reservoirs under water injection[J]. Rock mechanics and Rock Engineering,2016,49(4):1 425–1 439.
[9] KOSAR K M. Geotechnical properties of oil sands and related strata[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Alberta:University of Alberta,1989.
[10] BLAIR S C,SWEENEY J J,RALPH W R,et al. Mechanical properties of heavy oil-sand and shale as a function of pressure and temperature[R]. Livermore:Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,1987.
[11] WONG R C K,BARR W E,KRY P R. Stress-strain response of Cold Lake oil sands[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1993,30:220–235.
[12] DUSSEAULT M B,MORGENSTERN N R. Locked sands[J]. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology,1979,12(2):117–131.
[13] DUSSEAULT M B,MORGENSTERN N R. Shear strength of Athabasca oil sands[J]. Canadian Geomechanical Journal,1978,15:216–238.
[14] WONG R C K. Strength of two structured soils in triaxial compression[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2001,25:131–153.
[15] 李存宝,谢凌志,陈 森,等. 油砂力学及热学性质的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2015,36(8):2 298–2 306.(LI Cunbao,XIE Lingzhi,CHEN Sen,et al. Experimental research on mechanical and thermal properties of oil sand[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(8):2 298–2 306.(in Chinese))
[16] 林伯韬,陈 森,潘竟军,等. 风城陆相超稠油油砂微压裂扩容机制实验研究[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2016,38(3):359–364.(LIN Botao,CHEN Sen,PAN Jingjun,et al. Experimental study on dilation mechanism of micro-fracturing in continental ultra-heavy oil sand reservoir,Fengcheng Oilfield[J]. Oil Drilling and Production Technology,2016,38(3):359–364.(in Chinese))
[17] AGAR J G. Geotechnical behavior of oil sands at elevated temperatures and pressures[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Alberta:University of Alberta,1984.
[18] AGAR J G,MORGENSTERN N R,SCOTT J D. Shear strength and stress-strain behavior of Athabasca oil sand at elevated temperatures and pressures[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1987,24:1–10.
[19] WAN R G,CHAN D H,KOSAR K M. A constitutive model for the effective stress-strain behavior of oil sands[J]. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,1991,30(4):89–98.
[20] SETTARI A,ITO Y,FUKUSHIMA N,et al. Geotechnical aspects of recovery processes in oil sands[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1993,30:22–33.
[21] WONG R C K. Mobilized strength components of Athabasca oil sand in triaxial compression[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999,36:718–735.
[22] YALE D P,MAYER T,WANG J. Geomechanics of oil sands under injection[C]// Proceedings of the 44th US Rock Mechanics Symposium and 5th US-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium. Salt Lake City,UT:[s.n.],2010:ARMA 10–257.
[23] DUSSEAULT M B. Comparing Venezuelan and Canadian heavy oil and tar sands[C]// Proceedings of Canadian International Petroleum Conference. Calgary,Alberta,Canada:[s.n.],2001:PETSOC–2001–061.
[24] 林伯韬,高彦芳,金 衍,等. 一种油砂岩芯的取芯装置[P]. 中国:CN105201437,2017–06–23.(LIN Botao,GAO Yanfang,JIN Yan,et al. Coring device for oil sandy core[P]. China:CN105201437,2017–06–23.(in Chinese))
[25] 林伯韬,高彦芳,金 衍,等. 一种油砂岩芯的取芯方法[P]. 中国:CN105158014,2017–06–23.(LIN Botao,GAO Yanfang,JIN Yan,et al. Method for taking oil sand rock core[P]. China:CN105158014,2017–06–23.(in Chinese))
[26] HELWANY S. Applied soil mechanics with ABAQUS applications[M]. Hoboken:John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,2007:61–67.
[27] TIAN H,KEMPKA T,YU S,et al. Mechanical properties of sandstones exposed to high temperature[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2016,49:321–327.
[28] LIN B,JIN Y,CHEN S L. A criterion for evaluating the efficiency of water injection in oil sand reservoirs[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017,149:322–330.
[29] FJAR E,HOLT R M,HORSRUD P,et al. Petroleum related rock mechanics[M]. 2nd ed. Amsterdam:Elsevier,2008:43.
[30] 高彦芳,陈 勉,林伯韬,等. 多相非饱和多重孔隙介质的有效应力定律[J]. 工程力学,2018(待刊).(GAO Yanfang,CHEN Mian,LIN Botao,et al. A generalized effective stress law for multi-porosity media unsaturated with multiphase fluids[J]. Engineering Mechanics,2018(to be pressed).(in Chinese))
[31] LI P,CHALATURNYK R J. Geomechanical model of oil sands[C]// Proceedings of the SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium. Calgary,Alberta,Canada:[s.n.],2005:SPE– 97949–MS.
[32] LIN B,CHEN S,JIN Y. Evaluation of reservoir deformation induced by water injection in SAGD wells considering formation anisotropy,heterogeneity and thermal effect[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017,157:767–779.
[33] GAO Y,CHEN M,LIN B,et al. Modeling of reservoir deformation upon preheating in SAGD wells considering phase change of bitumen[C]// Proceedings of the 52ed US Rock Mechanics/ Geomechanics Symposium. Seattle,Washington,USA:[s.n.],2018:ARMA 18–031. |
|
|
|