|
|
|
| Main unfavorable geological conditions and engineering geological problems along Sichuan—Tibet railway |
| XUE Yiguo，KONG Fanmeng，YANG Weimin，QIU Daohong，SU Maoxin，FU Kang，MA Xinmin |
| (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center，Shandong University，Jinan，Shandong 250061，China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract To entirely understand main unfavorable geological conditions and engineering geological problems along Sichuan-Tibet railway，to offer scientific basis for route planning，selection and design and to ensure the safe construction or operation of railway，the existing research findings were summarized by literature review and geological survey. Main unfavorable geological conditions and engineering geologicla problems were analyzed，and research proposal was proposed for potential problems. The results indicate that the unfavorable geology conditions are well developed along Sichuan-Tibet railway and have seven significant characteristics named as “five high (high elevation，high earthquake intensity，high geostress，high hydraulic pressure and high geothermal)” and “two active (active fault belt，active frozen soil slope and freezing hazard)”. The active fault belts since Quaternary，which maybe trigger intensive earthquakes or geological hazard chains， are the severe challenges for railway construction. The distribution of surface hazards including rock fall，landslide and debris flow is controlled by the active fault belts and these hazards exhibit high-risk properties for a long period after earthquake. The frozen soil slope failure and debris flow triggered by glacier lake outburst are also typical engineering geology problems along the railway. The heat and freezing hazards can deteriorate the mechanical properties of rock or construction materials and reduce the service life of tunnels. Under the coupled high geostress，high geothermal，high seepage pressure and dynamic load condition，the mechanisms of water and mud inrush，collapse，large deformation of soft rock and rock burst hazards are special and complex，and the prevention methods need to be improved.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1]郑宗溪，孙其清. 川藏铁路隧道工程[J]. 隧道建设，2017，37(8)：138–143.(ZHENG Zongxi，SUN Qiqing. The tunneling engineering of Sichuan-Tibet railway[J]. Tunnel Construction，2017，37(8)：138–143.(in Chinese))
[2]HUBBARD，J，SHAW，J H. Uplift of the Longmen Shan and Tibetan plateau，and the 2008 Wenchuan(M=7.9) earthquake[J]. Nature，2009，458：194–197.
[3]FIELDING E，ISACKS B，BARAZANGI M，et al. How flat is Tibet? [J]. Geology，1994，22(2)：163–167.
[4]KIRBY E，WHIPPLE K，HARKINS N，et al. Topography reveals seismic hazard[J]. Nature Geoscience，2008，1(7)：485–487.
[5]潘桂棠. 中国大地构造单元划分[J]. 中国地质，2009，36(1)：1–28.(PAN Guitang. The classification of tectonic units in China[J]. Chinese Geology，2009，36(1)：1–28.(in Chinese))
[6]TAPPONNIER P，MOLNAR P. Active faulting and tectonics in China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research，1977，82(20)：2 905–2 930.
[7]ROYDEN，L H，BURCHFIEL，B C，KING，R W，et al. Surface deformation and lower crustal flow in Eastern Tibet[J]. Science，1997，276：788–790.
[8]CHEN S F，WILSON C J L，DENG Q D，et al. Active faulting and block movement associated with large earthquakes in the Min Shan and ongmen Mountains，northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research：Solid Earth，1994，99(B12)：24 025–24 038.
[9]DING G，CHEN J，TIAN Q，et al. Active faults and magnitudes of left-lateral displacement along the northern margin of the Tibetan plateau[J]. Tectonophysics，1951，380(3)：243–260.
[10]郭长宝，张永双，蒋良文，等. 川藏铁路沿线及邻区环境工程地质问题概论[J]. 现代地质，2017，31(5)：4–16.(GUO Changbao，ZHANG Yongshuang，JIANG Liangwen，et al. Discussion on the environmental and engineering geological problems along the Sichuan-Tibet railway and its adjacent area[J]. Geoscience，2017，31(5)：4–16.(in Chinese))
[11]宋 章，张广泽，蒋良文，等. 川藏铁路主要地质灾害特征及地质选线探析[J]. 铁道标准设计，2016，60(1)：14–19.(SONG Zhang，ZHANG Guangze，JIANG Liangwen，et al. Analysis of the characteristics of major geological disasters and geological alignment of Sichuan-Tibet railway[J]. Railway Standard Design，2016，60(1)：14–19.(in Chinese))
[12]严 健，何 川，汪 波，等. 雅鲁藏布江缝合带深埋长大隧道群岩爆孕育及特征[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，38(4)：769–781.(YAN Jian，HE Chuan，WANG Bo，et al. Inoculation and characters of rockbursts in extra-long and deeplying tunnels located on Yarlung Zangbo suture[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2019，38(4)：769–781.(in Chinese))
[13]朱 颖. 川藏铁路建设的挑战与对策[M]. 北京：人民交通出版社，2017：1–2.(ZHU Ying. The Sichuan—Tibet railway construction challenges and countermeasures[M]. Beijing：China Communications Press，2017：1–2.(in Chinese))
[14]许佑顶，姚令侃. 川藏铁路沿线特殊环境地质问题的认识与思考[J]. 铁道工程学报，2017，34(1)：1–5.(XU Youding，YAO Lingkan. Some cognitions and thinkings about the specific geoenvironmental problems along the Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2017，34(1)：1–5.(in Chinese))
[15]王 栋，张广泽，蒋良文，等. 川藏铁路成康段活动断裂工程效应及地质选线[J]. 铁道工程学报，2015，32(10)：6–11.(WANG Dong，ZHANG Guangze，JIANG Liangwen，et al. Engineering effect of active fault and geological alignment of Chengdu to Kangding in Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2015，32(10)：6–11.(in Chinese))
[16]冯 涛，蒋良文，张广泽，等. 川藏铁路雅康段隧道水热害评估方法探讨[J]. 铁道工程学报，2016，33(5)：12–17.(FENG Tao，JIANG Liangwen，ZHANG Guangze，et al. Discussion about estimation techinique of tunnel thermal harm in Yaan—Kangding section of the sichuan-tibet railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2016，33(5)：12–17.(in Chinese))
[17]李渝生，黄 超，蒋良文，等. 川藏铁路金沙江结合带地壳构造动力学效应[J]. 铁道工程学报，2016，11：1–5.(LI Yusheng，HUANG Chao，JIANG Liangwen，et al. The crustal tectonic dynamic effects of Jinshajiang combination zone of Sichuan-Tibet railway [J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2016，11：1–5.(in Chinese))
[18]刘 凯，李渝生，蒋良文，等. 川藏铁路昌都—然乌段班公湖—怒江结合带的工程效应研究[J]. 科学技术与工程，2018，18(2)：42–48.(LIU Kai，LI Yusheng，JIANG Liangwen，et al. Engineering effects of Bangong Lake—Nujiang junction zone in Sichuan—Tibet railway of Changdu-Ranwu [J]. Science Technology and Engineering，2018，18(2)：42–48.(in Chinese))
[19]李孝攀，李远富，周先虎，等. 川藏铁路康定至昌都段地质灾害区域危险性评价[J]. 铁道标准设计，2017，61(6)：61–65.(LI Xiaopan，LI Yuanfu，ZHOU Xianhu，et al. Evaluation of regional geological hazards risks on Kangding to Changdu section of Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Railway Standard Design，2017，61(6)：61–65.(in Chinese))
[20]吴瑞安，郭长宝，杜宇本，等. 川藏铁路加查—朗县段地质灾害发育特征研究[J]. 现代地质，2017，31(5)：83–91.(WU Ruian，GUO Changbao，DU Yuben，et al. Research on geohazard developing characteristics in Jiacha to Langxian Section of Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Geoscience，2017，31(5)：83–91.(in Chinese))
[21]唐 浩，李天斌，孟陆波，等. 川藏铁路二郎山深埋隧道的地应力场反演分析[J]. 铁道建筑，2015，3：65–69.(TANG Hao，LI Tianbin，MENG Lubo，et al. The inversion analysis on the geostress of Erlangshan deep buried tunnel of Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Science Technology and Engineering，2015，3：65–69(in Chinese))
[22]刘金松. 川藏铁路高地温隧道施工关键技术研究[J]. 施工技术，2018，47(1)：100–102.(LIU Jinsong. Key construction technologies research on high geothermal tunnel of Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Construction Technology，2018，47(1)：100–102.(in Chinese))
[23]张培震，王 敏，甘卫军，等. GPS观测的活动断裂滑动速率及其对现今大陆动力作用的制约[J]. 地学前缘，2003，10(增1)：81–92.(ZHANG Peizhen，WANG Min，GAN Weijun，et al. The active fault motion rate by GPS data and its constrain on continental dynamic action[J]. Earth Science Frontiers，2003，10(Supp.1)：81–92.(in Chinese))
[24]PEI S，NIU F，BEN-ZION Y，et al. Seismic velocity reduction and accelerated recovery due to earthquakes on the Longmenshan fault[J]. Nature Geoscience，2019，12(4)：387–392.
[25]ZHANG P Z. Beware of slowly slipping faults[J]. Nature Geoscience，2013，6(5)：323–324.
[26]张永双，郭长宝，姚 鑫，等. 青藏高原东缘地震工程地质[M]. 北京：地质出版社，2014：1–30.(ZHANG Yongshuang，GUO Changbao，YAO Xin，et al. Seismic engineering geology of the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau[M]. Beijing：Geological Publish House，2014：1–30.(in Chinese))
[27]李传友，宋方敏，冉勇康. 龙门山断裂带北段晚第四纪活动性讨论[J]. 地震地质， 2004，26(2)：248–258.(LI Chuanyou，SONG Fangmin，RAN Yongkang. The discussion on the late Quaternary motion of the north segment of Longmenshan fault[J]. Seismology and Geology，2004，26(2)：248–258.(in Chinese))
[28]陈国光，计凤桔，周荣军，等. 龙门山断裂带晚第四纪活动性分段的初步研究[J]. 地震地质，2007，29(3)：657–673.(CHEN Guoguang，JI Fengju，ZHOU Rongjun，et al. The study on the late Quaternary segmented motion of Longmenshan fault[J]. Seismology and Geology，2007，29(3)：657–673.(in Chinese))
[29]李海兵，王宗秀，付小方，等. 2008年5月12日汶川地震(Ms8.0)地表破裂带的分布特征[J]. 中国地质，2008，35(5)：248–256.(LI Haibing，WANG Zongxiu，FU Xiaofang，et al. The distribution characteristics of surface rupture from Wenchaun earthquake(Ms8.0) in 12th，May，2008[J]. Seismology and Geology，2008，35(5)：248–256.(in Chinese))
[30]李 勇，周荣军，董顺利，等. 汶川地震的地表破裂与逆冲－走滑作用[J]. 成都理工大学学报：自然科学版，2008，35(4)：404–413.(LI Yong，ZHOU Rongjun，DONG Shunli，et al. The surface rupture and thrust-strike slip of Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology：Science and Technology，2008，35(4)：404–413.(in Chinese))
[31]LIN A，REN Z，JIA D，et al. Co-seismic thrusting rupture and slip distribution produced by the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake，China[J]. Tectonophysics，2009，471(3/4)：203–215.
[32]韩竹军，任治坤，王 虎，等. 芦山县龙门乡芦山“4·20”7.0级强烈地震地表破裂迹象与讨论[J]. 地震地质，2013，35(2)：388–396.(HAN Zhujun，REN Zhikun，WANG Hu，et al. The indication and discussion on the surface rupture of Lushan “4.20” Ms 7.0 earthquake in Longmen town，Lushan county[J]. Seismology and Geology，2013，35(2)：388–396.(in Chinese))
[33]李天诏，杜其方. 鲜水河活动断裂带及强震危险性评估[M]. 成都：成都地图出版社，1997：1–130.(LI Tianzhao，DU Qifang. The risk evaluation on the strong earth and Xianshuihe active fault[M]. Chengdu：Chengdu Map Publishing House，1997：1–130.(in Chinese))
[34]钱 洪，ALLEN C R.，罗灼礼，等. 全新世以来鲜水河断裂的活动特征[J]. 中国地震，1988，4(2)：11–20.(QIAN Hong，ALLEN C R，LUO Zhuoli，et al. The Holocene motion characteristics of Xianshuihe fault[J]. Chinese Seismology，1988，4(2)：11–20.(in Chinese))
[35]WANG H，WRIGHT T J，BIGGS J. Interseismic slip rate of the northwestern Xianshuihe fault from InSAR data[J]. Geophysical Research Letters，2009，36(3)：1–5.
[36]熊探宇，姚 鑫，张永双. 鲜水河断裂带全新世活动性研究进展综述[J]. 地质力学学报， 2010，16(2)：176–188.(XIONG Tanyu，YAO Xin，ZHANG Yongshuang. The review of the study on Holocene motion of Xianshuihe fault[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，2010，16(2)：176–188.(in Chinese))
[37]邓天岗. 鲜水河活动断裂带[M]. 成都：四川科学技术出版社，1989.(DENG Tiangang. The Xianshuihe active fault zone[M]. Sichuan：Science and Technology Press of Sichuan，1989.(in Chinese))
[38]李 玶. 鲜水河小江断裂带[M]. 北京：地震出版社，1993：80–92.(LI Ping. The Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault zone[M]. Beijing：Earthquake Press，1993：80–92.(in Chinese))
[39]郭长宝，张永双，杨志华，等. 川藏铁路沿线活动断裂与地质灾害效应调查研究[M]. 北京：地质出版社，2018：58–61.(GUO Changbao，ZHANG Yongshuang，YANG Zhihua，et al. The investigation on the active faults along the Sichuan—Tibet railway and their geological hazard effects[M]. Beijing：Geological Publishing House，2018：58–61.(in Chinese))
[40]SHI F，HE H，DENSMORE A L，et al. Active tectonics of the Ganzi–Yushu fault in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Tectonophysics，2016，676(？)：112–124.
[41]WANG Y，WANG M，SHEN Z K，et al. Inter-seismic deformation field of the Ganzi—Yushu fault before the 2010 Mw 6.9 Yushu earthquake[J]. Tectonophysics，2013，584(？)：138–143.
[42]彭 华，马秀敏，白嘉启，等. 甘孜－玉树断裂带第四纪活动特征[J]. 地质力学学报，2006，12(3)：295–304.(PENG Hua，MA Xiumin，BAI Jiaqi，et al. The Quaternary motion characteristics of Ganzi—Yushu fault belt[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，2006，12(3)：295–304.(in Chinese))
[43]都昌庭，李文巧，卢 宁，等. 2006年青海玉树5.0，5.6，5.4级地震灾害损失及震害特点[J]. 震灾防御技术，2006，1(4)：371–377.(DU Changting，LI Wenqiao，LU Ning，et al. The characteristics and loss of Qinghai Yushu Ms 5.0，5.6，5.4 earthquake in 2006[J]. Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention，2006，1(4)：371–377.(in Chinese))
[44]孙鑫喆，徐锡伟，陈立春，等. 2010年玉树地震地表破裂带典型破裂样式及其构造意义[J]. 地球物理学报，2012，55(1)：155–170.(SUN Xinzhe，XU Xiwei，CHEN Lichun，et al. Surface rupture features of the 2010 Yushu earthquake and its tectonic implication[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics，2012，55(1)：155–170.(in Chinese))
[45]徐锡伟，闻学泽，于贵华，等. 川西理塘断裂带平均滑动速率、地震破裂分段与复发特征[J]. 中国科学：地球科学，2005，35(6)：540–551.(XU Xiwei，WEN Xueze，YU Guihua，et al. The average fault motion，seismic rupture and recurrence characteristics of Litang fault belt in west Sichuan[J]. Chinese Science：Geoscience，2005，35(6)：540–551.(in Chinese))
[46]CHEVALIER M L，LELOUP P H，REPLUMAZ A，et al. Tectonic-geomorphology of the Litang fault system，SE Tibetan Plateau，and implication for regional seismic hazard[J]. Tectonophysics，2016，682：278–292.
[47]周春景，吴中海，张克旗，等. 川西理塘活动断裂最新同震地表破裂形成时代与震级的重新厘定[J]. 地震地质，2015，37(2)：455–467.(ZHOU Chunjing，WU Zhonghai，ZHANG Keqi，et al. The determination on the earthquake magnitude and formation age of latest surface rupture of Litang active fault in the West Sichuan[J]. Seismology and Geology，2015，37(2)：455–467.(in Chinese))
[48]周荣军，陈国星，李 勇，等. 四川西部理塘－巴塘地区的活动断裂与1989年巴塘6.7级震群发震构造研究[J]. 地震地质，2005，27(1)：31–43.(ZHOU Rongjun，CHEN Guoxing，LI Yong，et al. The study on seismogenic structure of Batang Ms6.7 earthquakes，1989 and Litang—Batang active fault in West Sichuan[J]. Seismology and Geology，2005，27(1)：31–43.(in Chinese))
[49]HUANG X，DU Y，HE Z，et al. Late Quaternary slip rate of the Batang Fault and its strain partitioning role in Yushu area，central Tibet[J]. Tectonophysics，2015，653(?)：52–67.
[50]许志琴，侯立炜，王宗秀，等. 中国松潘－甘孜造山带的造山过程[M]. 北京：地质出版社，1992：7–16.(XU Zhiqin，HOU Liwei，WANG Zongxiu，et al. The orogenic process of Songpan—Ganzi orogenic belt in China[M]. Beijing：Geological Publish House，1992：7–16.(in Chinese))
[51]CHEN Z，BURCHFIEL B C，LIU Y，et al. Global Positioning System measurements from eastern Tibet and their implications for India/Eurasia intercontinental deformation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research：Solid Earth，2000，105(B7)：16 215–16 227.
[52]XU X，WEN X，ZHENG R，et al. Pattern of latest tectonic motion and its dynamics for active blocks in Sichuan—Yunnan region，China[J]. Science in China Series D：Earth Sciences，2003，46(2)：210–226.
[53]唐荣昌，韩渭宾，黄祖智. 四川活动断裂带与地震[M]. 北京：地震出版社，1993：71–100.(TANG Rongchang，HAN Weibin，HUANG Zuzhi. The Sichuan active faults and earthquakes[M]. Beijing：Earthquake Press，1993：71–100.(in Chinese))
[54]伍先国，蔡长星. 金沙江断裂带新活动和巴塘6.5级地震震中确定[J]. 地震研究，1992，15(4)：401–410.(WU Xianguo，CAI Changxing. The new motion of Jinshajaing fault belt and determination of center of Batang Ms6.5 earthquake[J]. Journal of Seismological Research，1992，15(4)：401–410.(in Chinese))
[55]劳 雄. 班公湖－怒江断裂带的形成——二论大陆地壳层波运动[J]. 地质力学学报，2000，6(1)：69–76.(LAO Xiong. The formation of Pangong lake—Nujiang river fault belt[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，2000，6(1)：69–76.(in Chinese))
[56]WANG Y，WANG E，SHEN Z，et al. GPS-constrained inversion of present-day slip rates along major faults of the Sichuan–Yunnan region，China[J]. Science in China Series D：Earth Sciences，2008，51(9)：1 267–1 283.
[57]武长得. 雅鲁藏布江断裂带的构造特征[J]. 地球学报，1990，21(2)：87–94.(WU Changde. The structural characteristics of Brahmaputra River fault belt[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica，1990，21(2)：87–94.(in Chinese))
[58]宋 键，唐方头，邓志辉，等. 喜马拉雅东构造结周边地区主要断裂现今运动特征与数值模拟研究[J]. 国际地震动态，2012，54(9)：1 536–1 548.(SONG Jian，TANG Fangtou，DENG Zhihui，et al. The numerical simulation study and motion characteristics of major faults in the circumjacent area near the eastern Himalayan structure[J]. Recent Developments in World Seismology，2012，54(9)：1 536–1 548. (in Chinese))
[59]杜志彪，沈 强，何婵军，等. 仲巴2004年Ms6.7和2005年Ms6.5地震的InSAR观测及形变分析[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学，2010，30(4)：12–18.(DU Zhibiao，SHEN Qiang，HE Chanjun，et al. The deformation analysis and InSAR observation of Zhongba 2004 Ms6.7 and Ms6.5 earthquakes[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics，2010，30(4)：12–18.(in Chinese))
[60]FAN X，SCARINGI G，KORUP O，et al. Earthquake-induced chains of geologic hazards：Patterns，Mechanisms，and Impacts[J]. Reviews of Geophysics，2019，57(2)：421–503.
[61]HUANG R，FAN X. The landslide story[J]. Nature Geoscience，2013，6(5)：325–326.
[62]张 鹏，曲亚明，郭长宝，等. 西藏林芝地应力测量监测与尼泊尔Ms8.1级强震远场响应分析[J]. 现代地质，2017，31(5)：27–37.(ZHANG Peng，QU Yaming，GUO Changbao，et al. Analysis of in-situ stress measurement and real-time monitoring results in Nyching of Tibetan plateau and its response to Nepal Ms8.1 earthquake[J]. Geoscience，2017，31(5)：27–37.(in Chinese))
[63]孟 文，郭长宝，张重远，等. 青藏高原拉萨块体地应力测量及其意义[J]. 地球物理学报， 2017，60(6)：2 159–2 171.(MENG Wen，GUO Changbao，ZHANG Chongyuan，et al. In situ measurement and implications in the Lhasa block，Tibet plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics，2017，60(6)：2 159–2 171.(in Chinese))
[64]王 栋，李天斌，蒋良文，等. 川藏铁路某超深埋隧道地应力特征及岩爆分析[J]. 铁道工程学报，2017，4：48–52.(WANG Dong，LI Tianbin，JIANG Liangwen，et al. Analysis of the stress characteristics and rock burst of ultra deep buried tunnel in Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2017，4：48–52.(in Chinese))
[65]TANG X，ZHANG J，PANG Z，et al. Distribution and genesis of the eastern Tibetan Plateau geothermal belt，Western China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences，2017，76(1)：31.
[66]李午阳，张 健，唐显春，等. 川西高温水热活动区深部热结构的地球物理分析[J]. 地球物理学报，2018，61(7)：292–302.(LI Wuyang，ZHANG Jian，TANG Xianchun，et al. The geophysical analysis on the deep thermal structure of Western Sichuan hyperthermia hydrothermal activity zone[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics，2018，61(7)：292–302.(in Chinese))
[67]王 云，李其林，冉 华，等. 青藏高原东南缘地热与地震活动：来自氦同位素的约束[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报，2018，37(4)：652–662.(WANG Yun，LI Qilin，RAN Hua，et al. Geothermal and seismic activities in the Southeastern Tibetan plateau：constraints from helium isotopes[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy，Petrology and Geochemistry，2018，37(4)：652–662.(in Chinese))
[68]庄 严，任新红，蒋良文，等. 新都桥地区季节性冻土抗剪强度的影响试验研究[J]. 高速铁路技术，2017，8(6)：24–28.(ZHUANG Yan，REN Xinhong，JIANG Liangwen，et al. Experimental Research on the Effect of Shear Strength of Seasonal Frozen Soil in Xinduqiao Area[J]. High Speed Railway Technology，2017，8(6)：24–28.(in Chinese))
[69]朱 磊，谢 强，任新红，等. 川藏线季节性粗颗粒冻土抗剪强度特性试验研究[J]. 铁道学报，2018，40(3)：107–111.(ZHU Lei，XIE Qiang，REN Xinhong，et al. Experimental study on shear strength of seasonal coarse-grained frozen soil along the Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society，2018，40(3)：107–111.(in Chinese))
[70]赵永峰，谢 强，王子江，等. 川藏铁路季节性冻土区粗颗粒土边坡温度场特征[J]. 铁道建筑，2017，(5)：95–99.(ZHAO Yongfeng，XIE Qiang，WANG Zijiang，et al. The temperature field characteristics of coarse grained soil slope in the frozen earth region of Sichuan-Tibet railway[J]. Railway Engineering，2017，(5)：95–99.(in Chinese))
[71]梁 树，谢 强，赵 文，等. 川藏铁路季节性粗颗粒冻土边坡水热过程模拟[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报，2019，16(6)：1 440–1 447. (LIANG Shu，XIE Qiang，ZHAO Wen，et al. Hydrothermal process simulation of seasonal coarse-grain frozen soil slope on Sichuan-Tibet railway[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering，2019，16(6)：1 440–1 447.(in Chinese))
[72]罗 琛，马 力，苟旭丹，等. 高海拔地区季节性冻土的特征研究[J]. 电瓷避雷器，2017，(4)：28–32.(LUO Chen，MA Li，GOU Xudan，et al. Study on the characteristics of seasonal frozen soil in high altitude area[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters，2017，(4)：28–32.(in Chinese))
[73]朱 颖. 复杂艰险山区铁路选线与总体设计论文集[M]. 北京：中国铁道出版社，2010：1–2.(ZHU Ying. The proceedings of route selection and overall design of railway in complicated dangerous mountainous area[M]. Beijing：China Railway Publishing House，2010：1–2.(in Chinese))
[74]唐辉明. 工程地质学基础[M]. 北京：化学工业出版社，2008：92–96.(TANG Huiming. The foundation of engineering geology[M]. Beijing：Chemical Industry Press，2008：92–96.(in Chinese))
[75]刘 刚，燕云鹏，刘建宇. 青藏高原西部地质灾害分布特征及背景分析[J]. 中国地质调查， 2017，4(3)：37–44.(LIU Gang，YAN Yunpeng，LIU Jianyu. The analysis on the distribution characteristics and background of geological hazards in Western Tibet plateau[J]. Geological Survey of China，2017，4(3)：37–44.(in Chinese))
[76]张佳佳，陈 龙，王军朝，等. 藏东南鲁朗－通麦崩塌滑坡孕灾地质背景特征研究[J]. 地质力学学报，2018，24(4)：39–46.(ZHANG Jiajia，CHEN Long，WANG Junchao，et al. The study on the geological background characteristics of hazard of Lulang-Tongmai collapses and landslides in Northeastern Tibet[J]. Journal of Geomechanics，2018，24(4)：39–46.(in Chinese))
[77]陈晓利，邓俭良，冉洪流. 汶川地震滑坡崩塌的空间分布特征[J]. 地震地质，2011，33(1)：191–202.(CHEN Xiaoli，DENG Jianliang，RAN Hongliu. The distribution characteristics of collapses and landslides from Wenchuan earthquake[J]. Seismology and Geology，2011，33(1)：191–202.(in Chinese))
[78]张佳佳，李海兵，赵国华，等. 2013年四川芦山地震次生山地灾害发育规律[J]. 地质通报，2015，34(5)：898–907.(ZHANG Jiajia，LI Haibing，ZHAO Guohua，et al. Features of secondary mountain hazards triggered by the 2013 Lushan Earthquake，Sichuan Province[J]. Geological Bulletin of China，2015，34(5)：898–907.(in Chinese))
[79]DAI F，XU C，YAO X，et al. Spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake，China[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences，2011，40(4)：883–895.
[80]李秀珍，钟 卫，张小刚，等. 川藏交通廊道滑坡崩塌灾害对道路工程的危害方式分析[J]. 工程地质学报，2017，25(5)：1 246–1 251. (LI Xiuzhen，ZHONG Wei，ZHANG Xiaogang，et al. Hazard ways of landslides and avalanches on road engineering in Sichuan—Tibet traffic corridor[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2017，25(5)： 1 246–1 251.(in Chinese))
[81]唐方头，宋 健，曹忠权，等. 最新GPS 数据揭示的东构造结周边主要断裂带的运动特征[J]. 地球物理学报，2010，53(9)：2 119–2 128. (TANG Fangtou，SONG Jian，CAO Zhongquan，et al. The motion characteristics of major faults around eastern structure exposed by latest GPS data[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics，2010，53(9)：2 119–2 128.(in Chinese))
[82]张永双，胡道功，吴中海，等. 滇藏铁路沿线地壳稳定性及重大工程地质问题[M]. 北京：地质出版社，2009：282–285.(ZHANG Yongshuang，HU Daogong，WU Zhonghai，et al. The crust stability and significant engineering geological problems along the Yunnan—Tibet railway[M]. Beijing：Geological Publish House，2009：282–285.(in Chinese))
[83]郭长宝，杜宇本，张永双，等. 川西鲜水河断裂带地质灾害发育特征与典型滑坡形成机制[J]. 地质通报，2015，34(1)：121–137.(GUO Changbao，DU Yuben，ZHANG Yongshuang，et al. Geohazard effects of the Xianshuihe fault and characteristics of typical landslides in western Sichuan[J]. Geological Bulletin of China，2015，34(1)：121–137.(in Chinese))
[84]GUO C，MONTGOMERY D R，ZHANG Y，et al. Quantitative assessment of landslide susceptibility along the Xianshuihe fault zone，Tibetan Plateau，China[J]. Geomorphology，2015，248(?)：93–110.
[85]QI S，XU Q，LAN H，et al. Spatial distribution analysis of landslides triggered by 2008.5. 12 Wenchuan Earthquake，China[J]. Engineering Geology，2010，116(1/2)：95–108.
[86]ZHANG W，LIN J，PENG J，et al. Estimating Wenchuan Earthquake induced landslides based on remote sensing[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing，2010，31(13)：3 495–3 508.
[87]TANG C，MA G，CHANG M，et al. Landslides triggered by the 20 April 2013 Lushan earthquake，Sichuan Province，China[J]. Engineering Geology，2015，187：45–55.
[88]XU C，XU X，SHYU J B H，et al. Landslides triggered by the 20 April 2013 Lushan，China，Mw 6.6 earthquake from field investigations and preliminary analyses[J]. Landslides，2015，12(2)：365–385.
[89]宿方睿，郭长宝，张学科，等. 基于面向对象分类法的川藏铁路沿线大型滑坡遥感解译[J]. 现代地质，2017，31(5)：930–942.(SU Fangrui，GUO Changbao，ZHANG Xueke，et al. Remote sensing interpretation of large landslides along Sichuan-Tibet railway based on object-oriented classification method[J]. Geoscience，2017，31(5)：930–942.(in Chinese))
[90]丁朋朋，杨宗佶，游 勇，等. 川藏铁路沿线滑坡灾害易损性评价[J]. 铁道建筑，2017，57(8)：138–143.(DING Pengpeng，YANG Zongji，YOU Yong，et al. The assessment on the vulnerability of landslide hazards along the Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Railway Engineering，2017，57(8)：138–143.(in Chinese))
[91]王卫东，傅庆湘，汤 睿. 川藏铁路(成都－雅安段)线域滑坡地质灾害时间－空间敏感性分析[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报，2018，15(4)：48–56.(WANG Weidong，FU Qingxiang，TANG Rui. Landslide spatiotemporal susceptibility analysis of Chengdu-Yaan section in Sichuan—Tibet railway[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering，2018，15(4)：48–56.(in Chinese))
[92]游 勇，蒋良文，张广泽，等. 川藏铁路拉萨－加查段泥石流发育特征及防治对策[C]// 朱颖编. 川藏铁路建设的挑战与对策——2016学术交流会论文集. 北京：人名交通出版社股份有限公司，2016：28–34.(YOU Yong，JIANG Liangwen，ZHANG Guangze，et al. The development characteristics and control measures of debris flows in the Lhasa-Jiacha section of Sichuan-Tibet railway[C]//ZHU Ying ed. The Challenges and Countermeasures of the Construction of Sichuan—Tibet railway—2016 Academic Symptom Proceedings. Beijing：China Communication Press Co.，Ltd.，2016：28–34.(in Chinese))
[93]郑胜章，臧丽萍，段顺荣. 青藏高原山区泥石流滑坡活动特征及分布规律研究[J]. 中国锰业，2018，(4)：181–183.(ZHENG Shengzhang，ZANG Liping，DUAN Shunrong. A study on the characteristics and distribution of debris flow landslides in the mountainous areas of Qinghai—Tibet plateau[J]. China’s Manganese Industry，2018，(4)：181–183.(in Chinese))
[94]程尊兰，朱平一，宫怡文. 典型冰湖溃决型泥石流形成机制分析[J]. 山地学报，2003，21(6)：716–720.(CHENG Zunlan，ZHU Pingyi，GONG Yiwen. The analysis on the formation mechanism of typical debris triggered by outburst of glacial lake[J]. Journal of Mountain Science，2003，21(6)：716–720.(in Chinese))
[95]唐 川，梁京涛. 汶川震区北川9.24暴雨泥石流特征研究[J]. 工程地质学报，2008，16(6)：751–758.(TANG Chuan，LIANG Jingtao. The study on the characteristics of Beichaun 9.24 debris flow triggered by rainstorm in Wenchuan earthquake region[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2008，16(6)：751–758.(in Chinese))
[96]魏玉光，杨 浩，晋世平. 青藏高原铁路沿线泥石流灾害预警技术及行车安全保障措施[J]. 中国安全科学学报，2006，16(5)：130–134.(WEI Yuguang，YANG Hao，JIN Shiping. Early warning technology for debris flow calamity and safeguard measures for safe running along Qing—zang tableland railway[J]. China Safety Science Journal，2006，16(5)：130–134.(in Chinese))
[97]朱 磊. 川藏线季节性粗颗粒冻土工程特性研究及边坡稳定性分析[博士学位论文][D]. 成都：西南交通大学，2018.(ZHU Lei. Study on the engineering characteristics and analysis on the slope stability on seasonal coarse-grained frozen soil along the Sichuan—Tibet railway[Ph.D. Thesis][D]. Chengdu：Southwest Jiaotong University，2018.(in Chinese))
[98]陈鹏飞. 川藏线粗颗粒冻土边坡冻胀特性研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 成都：西南交通大学，2015.(CHEN Pengfei. Study on the frost heaving of coarse-grained frozen soil along the Sichuan—Tibet railway[M.S. Thesis][D]. Chengdu：Southwest Jiaotong University，2015.(in Chinese))
[99]王 栋，朱 磊，王子江，等. 川藏线新都桥地区季节性粗颗粒冻土边坡调查及监测分析[C]//朱颖编. 川藏铁路建设的挑战与对策——2016学术交流会论文集. 北京：人名交通出版社股份有限公司，2016：145–151.(WANG Dong，ZHU Lei，WANG Zijiang，et al. The survey and monitoring analysis on the seasonal coarse—grained frozen soil slope in the Xinduqiao area of Sichuan-Tibet railway[C]// ZHU Ying ed. The Challenges and Countermeasures of the Construction of Sichuan—Tibet railway—2016 Academic Symptom Proceedings. Beijing：China Communication Press Co.，Ltd.，2016：145–151.(in Chinese))
[100]崔广芹，尚志成，秦 迪. 基于冻融循环试验的季节性冻土区边坡稳定性分析[J]. 长江科学院院报，2018，35(8)：102–105.(CUI Guangqin，SHANG Zhicheng，QIN Di. Analysis on the stability of seasonal frozen soil slope based on the freeze-thaw cycle test[J]. Journal of Changjiang Academy of Sciences，2018，35(8)：102–105.(in Chinese))
[101]程永春，葛 琪，何 锋. 季冻区土质边坡滑动界面临界深度的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学，2010，31(4)：38–42.(CHENG Yongchun，GE Qi，HE Feng. Experimental research on critical depth of slip surface of soil slope [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2010，31(4)：38–42.(in Chinese)
[102]徐 江，杨更社，刘 慧. 基于蒙特卡洛模拟法的冻土边坡可靠度评价[J]. 地下空间与工程学报，2007，3(8)：1 433–1 437.(XU Jiang，YANG Gengshe，LIU HUi. Evaluation of permafrost slope with Monte Carlo simulation method and program design[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering，2007，3(8)：1 433–1 437.(in Chinese))
[103]庄 严. 川藏铁路东段季节性粗颗粒冻土边坡稳定性预测[硕士学位论文][D]. 成都：西南交通大学，2015.(ZHUANG Yan. Prediction for the stability of seasonal coarse-grained frozen soil slope along the east part of Sichuan-Tibet railway[M. S. Thesis][D]. Chengdu：Southwest Jiaotong University，2015.(in Chinese))
[104]ALLEN S K，ZHANG G，WANG W，et al. Potentially dangerous glacial lakes across the Tibetan Plateau revealed using a large-scale automated assessment approach[J]. Science Bulletin，2019，64(7)：435–445.
[105]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. TB10204－2002 铁路隧道施工规范[S] .北京：中国铁道出版社，2002.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of Peoples Republic of China. TB10204－2002 The codes of railway tunnel construction[S]. Beijing：China Railway Publishing House，2002.(in Chinese))
[106]罗彦斌，陈建勋，王梦恕. 隧道冻害等级的划分[J]. 北京工业大学学报，2010，36(4)：32–36.(LUO Yanbin，CHEN Jianxun，WANG Mengsu. The classification for freezing hazards of tunnel[J]. Journal of Beijing Polytechnic University，2010，36(4)：32–36.(in Chinese))
[107]陈建勋. 隧道冻害防治技术的研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 西安：长安大学，2004.(CHEN Jianxun. The investigation on the prevention methods for freezing hazards of tunnel[M.S. Thesis][D]. Xian：Changan University，2004.(in Chinese))
[108]陈建勋. 公路隧道冻害防治技术[J]. 长安大学学报：自然科学版，2006，26(4)：72–74.(CHEN Jianxun. Technique of preventing frost damage in highway tunnel[J]. Journal of Changan University：Natural Science，2006，26(4)：72–74.(in Chinese))
[109]田俊峰，杨更社，刘 慧，等. 寒区岩石隧道冻害机制及防治研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报，2007，3(8)：1 484–1 489.(TIAN Junfeng，YANG Gengshe，LIU Hui，et al. Study on the freezing hazard mechanism of rock tunnel in cold region and its prevention methods[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering，2007，3(8)：1 484–1 489.(in Chinese))
[110]罗彦斌，陈建勋，王梦恕，等. 基于事件树理论的既有隧道冻害等级划分体系[J]. 长安大学学报：自然科学版，2011，31(6)：60–65.(LUO Yanbin，CHEN Jianxun，WANG Mengsu，et al. Grade division system of existing tunnel’s freeze injury based on event tree theory[J]. Journal of Changan University：Natural Science，2011，31(6)：60–65.(in Chinese))
[111]BAYATI M，HAMIDI J K. A case study on TBM tunnelling in fault zones and lessons learned from ground improvement[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2017，63：162–170.
[112]LI S，HE P，LI L，et al. Gaussian process model of water inflow prediction in tunnel construction and its engineering applications[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2017，69：155–161.
[113]WU G，CHEN W，YUAN J，et al. Formation mechanisms of water inrush and mud burst in a migmatite tunnel：a case study in China[J]. Journal of Mountain Science，2017，14(1)：188–195.
[114]SONG K I，CHO G C，CHANG S B. Identification，remediation，and analysis of karst sinkholes in the longest railroad tunnel in South Korea[J]. Engineering Geology，2012，135：92–105.
[115]SHATERPOUR-MAMAGHANI A，TUMAC D，AVUNDUK E. Double shield TBM performance analysis in difficult ground conditions：a case study in the Gerede water tunnel，Turkey[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2016，75(1)：251–262.
[116]LIU Q，HUANG X，GONG Q，et al. Application and development of hard rock TBM and its prospect in China[J]. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology，2016，57：33–46.
[117]LI S，LIU B，XU X，et al. An overview of ahead geological prospecting in tunneling[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2017，63：69–94.
[118]李利平，李术才，石少帅，等. 基于应力–渗流–损伤耦合效应的断层活化突水机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(增1)：3 295–3 304.(LI Liping，LI Shucai，SHI Shaoshuai，et al. Water inrush mechanism study of fault activation induced by coupling effect of stress-seepage-damage[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2011，30(Supp.1)：3 295–3 304.(in Chinese))
[119]李生杰，谢永利，朱小明. 高速公路乌鞘岭隧道穿越F4断层破碎带涌水塌方工程对策研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2013，32(增2)：3 602–3 609.(LI Shengjie，XIE Yongli，ZHU Xiaoming. Research on countermeasure of water gushing with collapse in process of Wuqiaoling highway tunnel crossing fault fracture zone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2013，32(Supp.2)：3 602–3 609.(in Chinese))
[120]HUDSON J A. Engineering rock mechanics[M]. London：Redwood Books Press，1997：71–87.
[121]何满潮，景海河，孙晓明. 软岩工程地质力学研究进展[J]. 工程地质学报，2000，8(1)：46–62.(HE Manchao，JING Haihe，SUN Xiaoming. The study development of engineering geomechanics of soft rock[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2000，8(1)：46–62.(in Chinese))
[122]汪 波，李天斌，何 川，等. 强震区软岩隧道大变形破坏特征及其成因机制分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2012，31(5)：928–936.(WANG Bo，LI Tianbin，HE Chuan，et al. The analysis of failure characteristics and formation mechanism of large deformation of soft rock tunnel in meizoseismal regions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2012，31(5)：928–936.(in Chinese))
[123]王树仁，刘招伟，屈晓红，等. 软岩隧道大变形力学机制与刚隙柔层支护技术[J]. 中国公路学报，2009，22(6)：90–95.(WANG Shuren，LIU Zhaowei，QU Xiaohong，et al. Large deformation mechanical mechanism and rigid-gap-flexible-layer supporting technology of soft rock tunnel[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport，2009，22(6)：90–95.(in Chinese))
[124]刘志春，李文江，朱永全，等. 软岩大变形隧道二次衬砌施作时机探讨[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(3)：580–588.(LIU Zhichun，LI Wenjiang，ZHU Yongquan，et al. Research on construction time of secondary lining in soft rock of large-deformation tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(3)：580–588.(in Chinese))
[125]WANG S，LI C，LIU Z，et al. Optimization of construction scheme and supporting technology for HJS soft rock tunnel[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology，2014，24(6)：847–852.
[126]YU W，WANG W，CHEN X，et al. Field investigations of high stress soft surrounding rocks and deformation control[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，2015，7(4)：421–433.
[127]张顶立，李鹏飞，侯艳娟，等. 浅埋大断面软岩隧道施工影响下建筑物安全性控制的试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(1)：95–102.(ZHANG Dingli，LI Pengfei，HOU Yanjuan，et al. Experimental study on safety control of buildings during construction of shallow-buried large-section soft rock tunnel [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(1)：95–102.(in Chinese))
[128]PETER K，KAISER，CAI M. Design of rock support system under rockburst condition[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2012，4(3)：215–227.
[129]冯夏庭，陈炳瑞，明华军，等. 深埋隧洞岩爆孕育规律与机制：即时型岩爆[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2012，31(3)：433–444.(FENG Xiating，CHEN Bingrui，MING Huajun，et al. Evolution law and mechanism of rockburst in deep tunnel：Immediate rockburst[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2012，31(3)：433–444.(in Chinese))
[130]ORTLEPP W D，STACEY T R. Rockburst mechanisms in tunnels and shafts[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，1994，9(1)：59–65.
[131]徐林生. 地下工程岩爆发生条件研究[J]. 重庆交通大学学报，2005，24(3)：31–34.(XU Linsheng. Research of rockburst formation condition in underground engineering[J]. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University，2005，24(3)：31–34.(in Chinese))
[132]CAI M，KAISER P K. Rockburst support reference book—Volume 1：rockburst phenomenon and support characteristics[M]. Laurentian：Laurentian University，2018：28–85.
[133]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组. GB/T50218－2014 工程岩体分级标准[S] .北京：中国计划出版社，2014.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of Peoples Republic of China. GB/T50218－2014 Standard for engineering classification of rock mass[S]. Beijing：China Planning Publishing House，2014.(in Chinese))
[134]张镜剑，傅冰骏. 岩爆及其判据和防治[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(10)：2 034–2 042.(ZHANG Jingjian，FU Bingjun. Rockburst and its criteria and control[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(10)：2 034–2 042.(in Chinese))
[135]宫凤强，闫景一，李夕兵. 基于线性储能规律和剩余弹性能指数的岩爆倾向性判据[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2018，37(9)：1 993– 2 014.(GONG Fengqiang，YAN Jingyi，LI Xibing. A new criterion of rock burst proneness based on the linear energy storage law and the residual elastic energy index[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2018，37(9)：1 993–2 014.(in Chinese)) |
|
|
|
2020, Vol. 39 
