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Abstract The composition and internal structure of rocks play a decisive role in the strength characteristics. Based on the study of material and structure of sandstone at the mesoscopic scale,the correlation between the distribution characteristics of particle pores and the mechanical strength is constructed by using the method of combining fractal dimension theory and numerical calculation,so as to realize the rapid evaluation and estimation of rock strength characteristics. The results show that the pore distribution of particles is skewed. That is,there are a large number of small-sized particle pores inside the specimen while a less number of the large-sized particle pores. When the particle geometric ratio is closer to 1,the roundness of particles is higher. Otherwise,it is mostly densely distributed by needle or columnar particles. The reasonable threshold determined by histogram bimodal method can increase the operability of pore quantitative characterization experiment,which is beneficial to the extraction of 9 indexes such as particle pore area,number and size,etc. The fractal dimension does not change relatively after the representation cell size is determined. The particle pore distribution has fractal characteristics and hence,the dimension can be used to describe the complexity of particle pore distribution. In other words,the more complex the distribution is,the larger the dimension value is. It is also revealed that the fractal dimension has a significant negative correlation with the rock strength and the correlation degree is 0.834,indicating that the strength of the specimen decreases gradually as the fractal dimension increases.
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