|
|
|
| A rapid evaluation method of landslide dam stability#br# |
| SHAN Yibo1,CHEN Shengshui1,2,ZHONG Qiming1,2#br# |
(1. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210029,China;2. Key Laboratory of Earth-Dam Failure Mechanism and Safety Control Techniques,Ministry of Water Resources,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210029,China)
|
|
|
|
Abstract It is of significant importance to evaluate the stability of landslide dams accurately and rapidly for emergency rescue. At present,however,all the rapid evaluation methods cannot evaluate quantitatively the influence of the grain composition of landslide dam deposits on the dam stability. In this study,a database of landslide dams is established based on 1434 unstable and stable cases around the world,and then a set of new rapid evaluation method is proposed by using the logistic regression methodology. The method can consider the morphological characteristics and grain composition of the landslide dam,as well as the hydrodynamic conditions of the dammed lake. Further,based on the available information of material composition of the landslide dam deposits,a detailed evaluation method is developed by 27 unstable and stable cases with the grain-size distribution curve,and the simplified evaluation method is proposed by 115 unstable and stable cases with the description of material composition. Subsequently,15 cases with the grain-size distribution curve and 67 cases with the description of material composition are reselected to verify the new evaluation method and to compare it with the similar evaluation methods domestic and overseas. The calculated results show that the absolute accuracy rate,conservation rate and false rate of the detailed evaluation method are 86.67%,93.33% and 6.67%,respectively,and the absolute accuracy rate,conservation rate and false rate of the simplified evaluation method are 88.06%,94.03%,and 5.97%,respectively. In addition,the comparisons with other evaluation methods prove the reliability and superiority of the new evaluation method.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] COSTA J E,SCHUSTER R L. The formation and failure of natural dams[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,1988,100(7): 1 054–1 068.
[2] 钟启明,陈生水,邓 曌. 堰塞坝漫顶溃决机理与溃坝过程模拟[J]. 中国科学:技术科学,2018,48(9):959–968.(ZHONG Qiming,CHEN Shengshui,DENG Zhao. Breach mechanism and numerical modeling of barrier dam due to overtopping failure[J]. Science China:Technological Sciences,2018,48(9):959–968.(in Chinese))
[3] 刘 宁,杨启贵,陈祖煜. 堰塞湖风险处置[M]. 武汉:长江出版社,2016:37–71.(LIU Ning,YANG Qigui,CHEN Zhuyu. Hazards mitigation for barrier lakes[M]. Wuhan:Changjiang Press,2016:37–71.(in Chinese))
[4] CUI P,ZHU Y Y,HAN Y S,et al. The 12 May Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslide-dammed lakes:distribution and preliminary risk evaluation[J]. Landslides,2009,7(6):209–223.
[5] 金兴平. 金沙江雅鲁藏布江堰塞湖应急处置回顾与思考[J]. 人民长江,2019,50(3):5–9.(JIN Xingping. Reviews and reflections on emergency response countermeasures for barrier lakes in Jinsha River and Yarlung Zangbo River[J]. Yangtze River,2019,50(3):5–9.(in Chinese))
[6] FAN X M,XU Q,ALONSO-RODRIGUEZ A,et al. Successive landsliding and damming of the Jinsha River in eastern Tibet,China:prime investigation,early warning and emergency response[J]. Landslides,2019,16(5):1 003–1 020.
[7] OUYANG C J,AN H C,ZHOU S,et al. Insights from the failure and dynamic characteristics of two sequential landslides at Baige village along the Jinsha River,China[J]. Landslides,2019,16(7):1 397–1 414.
[8] ZHANG Z,HE S M,LIU W,et al. Source characteristics and dynamics of the October 2018 Baige landslide revealed by broadband seismograms[J]. Landslides,2019,16(4):777–785.
[9] PENG M,ZHANG L M. Breaching parameters of landslide dams[J]. Landslides,2012,9(1):13–31.
[10] 石振明,马小龙,彭 铭,等. 基于大型数据库的堰塞坝特征统计分析与溃决参数快速评估模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(9):1 780–1 790.(SHI Zhenming,MA Xiaolong,PENG Ming,et al. Statistical analysis and efficient dam burst modelling of landslide dams based on a large-scale database[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(9):1 780–1 790.(in Chinese))
[11] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. SL450—2009 堰塞湖风险等级划分标准[S]. [S. l.]:[s. n.],2009.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People¢s Republic of China. SL450—2009 Standard for classification of risk grade of landslide dam[S]. [S. 1]:[s. n],2009.(in Chinese))
[12] CASAGLI N,ERMINI L. Geomorphic analysis of landslide dams in the northern apennine[J]. Transactions of the Japanese Geomorphological Union,1999,20(3):219–249.
[13] ERMINI L,CASAGLI N. Prediction of the behaviour of landslide dams using a geomorphological dimensionless index[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,2003,28(1):31–47.
[14] KORUP O. Geomorphometric characteristics of New Zealand landslide dams[J]. Engineering Geology,2004,73:13–35.
[15] DONG J J,TUNG Y H,CHEN C C,et al. Logistic regression model for predicting the failure probability of a landslide dam[J]. Engineering Geology,2011,117:52–61.
[16] STEFANELLI C T,SEGONI S,CASAGLI N,et al. Geomorphic indexing of landslide dams evolution[J]. Engineering Geology,2016,208:1–10.
[17] 钟启明,单熠博. 堰塞坝稳定性快速评价方法对比[J]. 人民长江,2019,50(4):20–24.(ZHONG Qiming,SHAN Yibo. Comparison of rapid evaluation methods for barrier dam¢s stability[J]. Yangtze River,2019,50(4):20–24.(in Chinese))
[18] COSTA J E,SCHUSTER R L. Documented historical landslide dams from around the world[R]. Washington D C:U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91–239,1991.
[19] 柴贺军,刘汉超,张倬元. 中国滑坡堵江事件目录[J]. 地质灾害与环境保护,1995,6(4):1–9.(CHAI Hejun,LIU Hanchao,ZHANG Zhuoyuan. The catalog of Chinese landslide dam events[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,1995,6(4):1–9. (in Chinese))
[20] KORUP O. Recent research on landslide dams—a literature review with special attention to New Zealand[J]. Progress in Physical Geography,2002,26(2):206–235.
[21] CASAGLI N,ERMINI L,ROSATI G. Determining grain size distribution of the material composing landslide dams in the Northern Apennines:sampling and processing methods[J]. Engineering Geology,2003,69:83–97.
[22] 刘 伟. 西藏易贡巨型超高速远程滑坡地质灾害链特征研析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(3):9–18.(LIU Wei. Study on the characteristic of huge scale-super highspeed-long distance landslide chain in Yigong,Tibet[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2002,13(3):9–18.(in Chinese))
[23] CHANG D S,ZHANG L M. Simulation of the erosion process of landslide dams due to overtopping considering variations in soil erodibility along depth[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,10(4):933–946.
[24] XU Q,FAN X M,HUANG R Q,et al. Landslide dams triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan Province,south west China[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2009,68:373–386.
[25] ALEXANDER S. Landslide dams in central asia region[J]. Journal of the Japan Landslide Society,2010,47(6):309–324.
[26] STEPHEN G E,REGINALD L H,ALEXANDER S,et al. Natural and artificial rockslide dams[M]. Berlin:Springer-Verlag,2011:295–321.
[27] SAFRAN E B,O¢CONNOR J E,ELY L L,et al. Plugs or flood-makers? The unstable landslide dams of eastern Oregon[J]. Geomorphology,2015,248:237–251.
[28] STEFANELLI C T,CATANI F,CASAGLI N. Geomorphological investigations on landslide dams[J]. Geoenvironmental Disasters,2015,2:21.
[29] ZHANG L M,PENG M,CHANG D S,et al. Dam failure mechanisms and risk assessment[M]. Singapore:John Wiley and Sons,2016:419–449.
[30] 王 琳. 堰塞湖溃决洪水分析方法及侵蚀试验研究[博士学位论文][D]. 西安:西安理工大学,2017.(WANG Lin. Research on flood analysis method and erosion test of barrier lake[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Xi¢an:Xi¢an University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese))
[31] ZHANG L M,XIAO T,HE J,et al. Erosion-based analysis of breaching of Baige landslide dams on the Jinsha River,China,in 2018[J]. Landslides,2019,16(10):1 965–197.
[32] 刘 宁,程尊兰,崔 鹏,等. 堰塞湖及其风险控制[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2013:74–110.(LIU Ning,CHENG Zunlan,CUI Peng,et al. Dammed lake and risk management[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2013:74–110.(in Chinese)) |
|
|
|