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| Discussion on stress drop mechanisms of seismogenic faults before earthquakes |
| ZHANG Chongyuan1，2，3，HE Manchao2，4，TAO Zhigang1，2，TAN Chengxuan3，MENG Wen3#br# |
| (1. State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering，China University of Mining and Technology，Beijing 100083，China；2. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering，China University of Mining and Technology，Beijing 100083，China；3. Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard，Institute of Geomechanics，Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences，Beijing 100081，China；4. Department of Geotechnical Engineering，College of Civil Engineering，Tongji University，Shanghai 200092，China) |
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Abstract In order to explore the regular relationship between the imminent stress change of seismogenic faults and their instability process，this paper conducts a study on the phenomenon and mechanism of the stress drop of cross-scale rock mass samples before earthquakes. Through calculation，analysis and re-interpretation of typical seismic experimental data and field stress monitoring data，the pre-earthquake stress and strain changes of different scales are studied. The results show that the experimental data from rock blocks，boreholes to crustal scales all reveal that there is a sudden decrease in the stress(stress drop) before the fault fails. The pre-earthquake stress drop phenomenon spans 3 to 6 orders of magnitude in space，and the early response time of the stress drop covers 1 to 6 orders of magnitude，indicating that the larger the scale and quality of the media involved in the earthquake，the longer the precursor response time. Field borehole stress monitoring data show that there is a linear positive correlation between the stress drop and the early response time with natural earthquakes. The inherent plastic properties of the seismogenic fault rock mass make the overall collapse of the fault later than its mechanical imbalance. In addition，the fault slip needs to overcome the irregular asperities on its surface，and the differential stress-strain loading rate of the process leads to different stress-strain reply on the time scale. This research explains may be the underlying mechanism that stress drop can precede earthquakes.
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2021, Vol. 40 
