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| Real-time NMR tests on fractured sandstones during the infiltration grouting process under different temperatures and confining pressures |
| WU Zhijun1，2，3，ZHANG Silang1，2，WENG Lei1，2，LIU Quansheng1，2，ZHOU Yuan1，2 |
| (1. School of Civil Engineering，Wuhan University，Wuhan，Hubei 430072，China；2. The Key Laboratory of Safety for Geotechnical and Structural Engineering of Hubei Province，Wuhan University，Wuhan，Hubei 430072，China；3. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science，Wuhan University，Wuhan，Hubei 430072，China) |
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Abstract As a common rock reinforcement method，grouting technology has been widely used in underground engineering，while the reinforcement performance is largely affected by the external environmental factors such as high temperature and high geo-stresses. Therefore，it is of great practical significance to study the flow and diffusion mechanism of slurry in fractured rock under different external conditions to enhance the grouting reinforcement effects of deep soft rocks and to ensure the construction safety. In this paper，infiltration grouting tests on fractured sandstone samples were carried out using the low-field NMR technology. During the grouting process，the NMR signal characteristics of the slurry were monitored in real time，and the parameters such as the slurry injection volume，the effective grouting time and the slurry-filling rate were analyzed under the conditions of different temperatures，different confining pressures，different slurry flow rates and different numbers of fractures. The results show that the incubation period of the superfine cement slurry decreases with increasing the temperature and that the slurry viscosity performs significant time-dependent and temperature-dependent characteristics. The final slurry injection volume of the fractured rock decreases with increasing the temperature and the confining pressure. The effective grouting time is inversely proportional to the slurry flow rate while positively proportional to the temperature. The slurry filling rate decreases as the confining pressure increases，accompanying with a decreased sensitivity to the confining pressure. Compared to the samples with single fracture，multi-fractured samples show higher slurry injection volume，shorter effective grouting time and larger slurry filling rate. Under a higher slurry flow rate and a higher confining pressure，the percentage of the slurry filling rate in the micro-pores increases significantly，and the slurry preferentially transports into the micro-pores. When the micro-pores reach a certain filling level，the slurry transports into the meso-pores and macro-pores. However，the temperature and the number of fractures have insignificant effects on the diffusion mechanism of the slurry in the rock pores，and the percentage of the slurry filling rate varies a little in each type of pores. The findings in this study can provide necessary guidance for the optimal design and selection of grouting parameters for deep soft rock mass.
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2022, Vol. 41 
