|
|
|
| “2S+” support design method for huge underground caverns
and its practical application |
| ZHANG Chunsheng1，LIU Ning1，CHEN Jianlin1，CHU Weijiang1，GAO Yaohui1，
ZHANG Chuanqing2，GAO Yang2 |
| (1. PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited，Hangzhou，Zhejiang 310014，C4hina；
2. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430071，China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Based on the analysis of failure characteristics of multiple underground engineerings under high in-situ stress condition，the mechanical behavior of rock before and after peak is incorporated into the support design of underground engineering. This paper establishes the stress-strength design method for huge underground engineering considering initial strength index and post-peak brittle-ductile transformation factor. The established support design method pays full attention to the rock crack propagation mechanism and post-peak mechanical behaviour. The initial strength index(ISI) is defined by the ratio of the crack initial strength of rock under uniaxial compression to the maximum principal stress of geostress，which reflects the crack propagation mechanism of rock and the initial stress level of surrounding rock. The post-peak brittle-ductile transformation factor (BDF) is defined by the decreasing rate of rock brittleness within engineering confining pressure，which demonstrates the magnitude and rate of post-peak stress reduction and rock brittleness. The support strength is obtained according to the basic principle of convergence-confinement method. A seven-zone evaluation system of surrounding rock failure mode and support design is established based on the statistical results of ISI，BDF and support strength of surrounding rock of several typical huge underground engineerings. The failure modes and support parameters of huge underground engineerings in Baihetan，Jinping II，Jiangbian，Yangfanggou hydropower station and Yixing pumped storage power station show the rationality and applicability of the established support design method.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 张春生，侯 靖，徐建荣，等. 白鹤滩水电站巨型地下洞室群围岩稳定分析与设计方法[M]. 中国水利水电出版社，2019：1–3. (ZHANG Chunsheng，HOU Jing，XU Jianrong，et al. Stability analysis and design method of surrounding rock for huge undergound caverns of Baihetan hydropower station[M]. China WaterPower Press，2019：1–3.(in Chinese))
[2] 冯夏庭，江 权，向天兵，等. 大型洞室群智能动态设计方法及其实践[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(3)：433–448.(FENG Xiating，JIANG Quan，XIANG Tianbing，et al. Intelligent and dynamic design method of large cavern group and its practice[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2011，30(3)：433–448.(in Chinese))
[3] 张 勇，肖平西，程丽娟. 基于岩石强度应力比的大型地下洞室群布置设计方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2014，33(11)：2 314–2 331. (ZHANG Yong，XIAO Pingxi，CHENG Lijuan. Method of layout design based on ratio of rock strength to in-situ stress for large underground caverns[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2014，33(11)：2 314–2 331.(in Chinese))
[4] 李 宁，刘乃飞，张承客，等. 复杂地质中城门洞型隧洞围岩稳定性快速分析与设计方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(7)：1 435–1 443.(LI Ning，LIU Naifei，ZHANG Chengke，et al. Fast analysis and design methods for stability of city gate tunnels under complicated geological conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(7)：1 435–1 443.(in Chinese))
[5] 江 权，冯夏庭，李邵军，等. 高应力下大型硬岩地下洞室群稳定性设计优化的裂化–抑制法及其应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，38(6)：1 081–1 101.(JIANG Quan，FENG Xiating，LI Shaojun，et al. Cracking-restraint design method for large underground caverns with hard rock under high geostress condition and its practical application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2019，38(6)：1 081–1 101.(in Chinese))
[6] 刘 宁，张春生，褚卫江，等. 深埋大理岩脆性破裂细观特征分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，31(增2)：3 557–3 565.(LIU Ning，ZHANG Chunsheng，CHU Weijiang，et al. Microscopic characteristics analysis of brittle failure of deep buried marble[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2019，31(Supp.2)：3 557–3 565.(in Chinese))
[7] ZHANG Y，FENG X T，YANG C X，et al. Fracturing evolution analysis of Beishan granite under true triaxial compression based on acoustic emission and strain energy[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2019，117：150–161.
[8] GAO Y H，WANG Z F. Experimental study on the damage process of marble under true triaxial pre-peak unloading conditions[J]. International Journal of Damage Mechanics，2021，30(10)：1 542–1 557.
[9] 刘 宁，张春生，褚卫江. 锦屏深埋大理岩破裂特征与损伤演化规律[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2012，31(8)：1 606–1 613.(LIU Ning，ZHANG Chunsheng，CHU Weijiang. Fracture characteristics and damage evolution law of Jinping deep marble[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2012，31(8)：1 606–1 613.(in Chinese))
[10] 张春生，朱永生，褚卫江，等. 白鹤滩水电站隐晶质玄武岩力学特性及Hoek-Brown本构模型描述[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，38(10)：1 964–1 978.(ZHANG Chunsheng，ZHU Yongsheng，CHU Weijiang，et al. Mechanical behaviors of basalt at Baihetan hydropower station and simulation with Hoek-Brown constitutive model[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2019，38(10)：1 964–1 978.(in Chinese))
[11] ZHENG Z，FENG X T，YANG C X，et al. Post-peak deformation and failure behaviour of Jinping marble under true triaxial stresses[J]. Engineering Geology，2019，265(3)：105444.
[12] GAO Y H，FENG X T，ZHANG X W，et al. Characteristic stress levels and brittle fracturing of hard rocks subjected to true triaxial compression with low minimum principal stress[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2018，51(12)：3 681–3 697.
[13] MARTIN C D，CHANDLER N A. The progressive fracture of Lac du Bonnet granite[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，1994，31(6)：643–659.
[14] MARTIN C D，CHRISTIANSSON R. Estimating the potential for spalling around a deep nuclear waste repository in crystalline rock[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2009，46(2)：219–228.
[15] GAO Y H，FENG X T，ZHANG X W，et al. Generalized crack damage stress thresholds of hard rocks under true triaxial compression[J]. Acta Geotechnica，2020，15(3)：565–580.
[16] HOEK E，BROWN E T. Empirical strength criterion for rock masses[J]. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division，1980，106(GT9)：1 013–1 035.
[17] YOU M. True-triaxial strength criteria for rock[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2009，46：115–127.
[18] LABUZ J F，ZENG F，MAKHNENKO R，et al. Brittle failure of rock：a review and general linear criterion[J]. Journal of Structural Geology，2018，112：7–28.
[19] 中华人民共和国国家标准编写组. GB 50287—2016 水力发电工程地质勘察规范[S]. 北京，中国计划出版社，2016.(The National Standards Compilation of the People's Republic of China. GB 50287—2016 Code for hydropower engineering geological investigation[S]. Beijing，China Planning Press，2016.(in Chinese))
[20] MENG F Z，ZHOU H，ZHANG C Q，et al. Evaluation methodology of brittleness of rock based on post-peak stress-strain curves[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2015，48：1 787–1 805.
[21] BROWN E T，BRAY J W，LADANYI B，et al. Ground response curves for rock tunnels[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，1983，109(1)：15–39.
[22] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. DL/T 5415—2009 水电水利工程地下建筑物工程地质勘查技术规程[S]. 北京：中国电力出版社，2009.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of the People's Republic of China. DL/T 5415—2009 Technical code for underground project geological investigation of hydropower and water resources[S]. Beijing：China Electric Power Press，2009.(in Chinese))
[23] 吴世勇，王 鸽. 锦屏二级水电站深埋长隧洞群的建设和工程中的挑战性问题[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(11)：2 161–2 171. (WU Shiyong，WANG Ge. Challenge issues in construction and project of large-scale deep-buried tunnel group of Jinping II hydropower station[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(11)：2 161–2 171.(in Chinese))
[24] 张德永，王玉洲，方浩亮，等. 江边水电站地下洞室群围岩稳定性数值分析[J]. 地下空间与工程学报，2015，11(3)：673–679. (ZHANG Deyong，WANG Yuzhou，FANG Haoliang，et al. Numerical analysis of the surrounding rock stability of the underground cavern group at Jiangbian hydropower station[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering，2015，11(3)：673–679.(in Chinese))
[25] 方 丹，陈建林，张 帅. 杨房沟水电站地下厂房围岩稳定分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2013，32(10)：2 094–2 099.(FANG Dan，CHEN Jianlin，ZHANG Shuai. Stability analysis of surrounding rocks of underground powerhouse in Yangfanggou hydropower station[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2013，32(10)：2 094–2 099.(in Chinese))
[26] 张志峰，张 勤，黄咏庆，等. 基于ANSYS的三维地应力场及洞室围岩稳定分析——以宜兴抽水蓄能电站为例[J]. 水文地质工程地质，2003，30(6)：49–51.(ZHANG Zhifeng，ZHANG Qin，HUANG Yongqing，et al. 3D geostress field and surrounding rock stability analysis by ANSYS software：As an example of pump water station to store energy in Yixing city[J]. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology，2003，30(6)：49–51.(in Chinese))
|
|
|
|
2023, Vol. 42 
