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| Multi-physical fields coupling model of unsaturated sulfate saline soil considering water-vapor convection and heat transfer: model #br#
establishment and validation |
| ZHOU Zhixiong1, ZHOU Fengxi1, WANG Yongze2, MA Qiang3, ZHENG Yanbin1, ZHANG Liujun4 |
(1. School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China; 2. Cscec Xinjiang Construction and Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang 830092, China; 3. School of Civil Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China; 4. CCCC First Highway Consultants Co., Ltd., Xi?an, Shaanxi 710065, China)
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Abstract Based on the mass conservation equation, energy conservation equation, solute migration equation, and soil stress-strain equation for unsaturated soil, a mathematical model was established to couple multiple physical fields, specifically the interactions of water, vapor, heat, salt, and mechanics in unsaturated sulfate saline soil. This model further incorporates the effects of water and vapor convection, including both liquid water and water vapor, as well as the latent heat of water vapor diffusion and convective heat transfer on the physical properties of saline soil, thereby enhancing existing models. Subsequently, the impact of periodic temperature variations on heat and mass migration, along with the deformation of sulfate saline soil, was analyzed through numerical modeling. Additionally, the validity of the proposed model was confirmed through experimental testing. The results indicate that when external water and salt supplies are disregarded, heat transfer in shallow saline soil primarily occurs through conductive heat flux and the latent heat flux associated with the water-salt phase transition, followed by convective heat flux from water vapor and latent heat flux from water vapor diffusion. The convective heat flux from liquid water is relatively minor and can be considered negligible. In shallow saline soil, the predominant mode of water migration is through water vapor flux; however, as depth increases, liquid water flux begins to dominate. When ambient temperature rises, salt concentration increases while crystalline salt content decreases in the saline soil, leading to a reduction in soil displacement, which indicates settlement deformation. Conversely, when ambient temperature decreases, the trends in salt concentration, crystalline salt content, and soil displacement reverse, suggesting that the soil undergoes expansion deformation during this period.
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2025, Vol. 44 
