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| Evolutionary law of temperature field in thermal water-bearing tunnels and analysis of thermal insulation effect of grouting water-sealing |
| CHEN Shujie1, 2, ZHU Zhengguo1, 3, GU Guangyan1, AN Chenliang4, MA Kaimeng1, FAN Haobo1 |
(1. Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050043, China; 2. School of Engineering and Applied Science, Queen?s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L, Canada; 3. Hebei Province Technical Innovation Center of Safe and Effective Mining of Metal Mines, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050043, China; 4. Department of Road and Bridge Engineering, Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College,
Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China) |
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Abstract To investigate the thermal evolution of surrounding rock in high-water-temperature tunnels where both heat conduction and convective heat transfer between geothermal water and rock coexist, this study derives a finite difference solution for the coupled thermal-hydraulic temperature field and develops a three-dimensional numerical model that integrates the high-temperature water-saturated rock mass with tunnel air. A parametric study is conducted to analyze the effectiveness of grouting for water sealing and thermal insulation. Additionally, a physical model test system for high-temperature tunnels is developed to validate the finite difference solution and numerical results. The findings indicate that: (1) when rock permeability exceeds 5×10?? m/s, convective heat transfer from thermal water maintains the rock at its initial high temperature; as permeability decreases, rock temperature declines, but further reduction below 1×10?? m/s yields diminishing cooling returns. (2) Grouting significantly reduces convective heat transfer between water and rock, thereby lowering the temperatures of both rock and air. For rock with a permeability of 1×10?? m/s, a grout zone with permeability two orders of magnitude lower and a thickness of 3 m achieves more pronounced cooling. (3) Model tests demonstrate that initial ventilation leads to rapid rock cooling, which stabilizes over time; wall temperature trends align with the finite difference solution, and the relative errors in wall and outlet air temperatures between simulation and experiment are within 15% and 5%, respectively. Combined grouting and enhanced ventilation are recommended for thermal control in high-temperature tunnels. The results provide theoretical guidance for the cooling design of similar geothermal tunnels.
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2025, Vol. 44 
