Abstract: Aiming at the characteristics and current situation of model experiment,sources of experimental errors are analyzed from the point of view of equivalent theorem,equivalent material,boundary condition,temperature and humidity. The experimental errors are divided into three types:controllable,amendable and unavoidable. The pattern of movement distribution caused by compression and splitting on the model boundary is studied. Theoretical solutions are suitable to amend the abnormal curve of measured experimental data and helpful to improve the accuracy of model experiment.