Abstract:In order to study the failure mode and the load bearing mechanism of the strip foundation,one model test based on the similarity theory has been designed to simulate the clayey subsoil. On the one hand,the soil pressure of the subsoil and the diversity have been measured,and the distribution rule has been analyzed together. On the other hand,the shear belt formation and the developing process have been observed. The results show that the model test is an important means to understand the mechanical characteristics,such as the subsoil deformation to destruction,the subsidence distortion characteristics,the true stress distribution and variation law,which has theoretical significance in studying the subsidence distortion characteristics as well as the destruction shape and mechanism of the deep excavation.