岩体滑坡冲击能计算及受灾体易损性定量评估

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摘要滑体下滑及对受灾体冲击过程中，由于滑体内部的崩解碰撞将会耗散部分动能，而工程中通常采用简化的方法计算滑体冲击能，没有考虑内部耗能的影响。采用离散元法模拟得到滑体对受灾体的冲击力–时间曲线，根据冲量定律和能量守恒定律换算得到滑体冲击能。以实际工程为例，详细分析滑体下滑过程与冲击受灾体过程中的能耗规律。结果表明：同时考虑下滑和冲击过程中滑体内外部耗能的计算方法与只考虑滑体外部摩擦耗能的计算方法相比，冲击能计算结果相差较大，说明滑体内部耗能不可忽略。另外，还对冲击能和受灾体易损性影响因素进行分析。分析结果表明：在几何条件一定的情况下，冲击能对滑体内摩擦角最敏感，其次是受灾体与滑坡源的相对位置，再次是滑体节理间距、滑体密度与冲击面宽度，对滑体黏聚力最不敏感。另外滑体冲击方向会同时影响冲击能和抗冲击能。

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关键词 ：边坡工程, 岩体滑坡, 离散元法, 冲击能, 易损性

Abstract：In the processes of landslide mass sliding and impacting on element at risk，the internal collapse of landslide mass will dissipate part of kinetic energy. But in practice，this part of energy is not taken usually into account. The discrete element method(DEM) is adopted to get impact force-time curves；and the impact energy conversion equation is also deduced based on impulse law and energy conservation law. With the analysis of the energy dissipation principle in the sliding and impacting processes of a practical rock slope，a comparison is made between the calculation method which takes both internal and external energy dissipations into account and the method which only takes external energy dissipation into account. The result shows that there is a significant difference between the two methods；and the internal energy dissipation can not be ignored. Moreover，the influence factors of impact energy and vulnerability for element at risk are both analyzed. The analysis result shows that impact energy is most sensitive to internal friction angle of landslide debris；second sensitive to distance between element at risk and landslide mass，gap length between joint segments，density of landslide mass and width of impact surface；last sensitive to the cohesion of landslide mass. In addition，the impact direction of landslide debris can simulataneously effect both impact energy and anti-impact energy.

Key words： slope engineering rock mass lanslide discrete element method impact energy vulnerability

收稿日期: 2010-09-16

引用本文:

吴越1，刘东升2，李明军1. 岩体滑坡冲击能计算及受灾体易损性定量评估[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(5): 901-909.
WU Yue1，LIU Dongsheng2，LI Mingjun1. IMPACT ENERGY CALCULATION FOR ROCK SLOPE AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITY FOR ELEMENT AT RISK. , 2011, 30(5): 901-909.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/I5/901

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