我国古代建筑中两种传统硅酸盐材料的物理力学特性研究

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摘要水硬石灰广泛应用于历史建筑物的保护修复。在前人对中国传统水硬性石灰(仰韶水泥)研究的基础上，对烧料礓石和烧阿嘎土2种水硬石灰的基本物理力学性能及环境影响因素进行试验分析，并与欧洲2种型号水硬性石灰(NHL2，NHL5)进行对比。研究发现，在1 000 ℃高温环境下、历经3 h焙烧得到的烧料礓石、烧阿嘎土加石英砂配制的试样与欧洲水硬石灰加石英砂配制的试样具有相似特性：收缩变形性小、孔隙率大、透水性及透气性良好的基本性质及较强的抗冻融、水稳定性、耐温湿度循环变化的影响及碱性介质侵蚀的能力；不同龄期配比结石体的抗折、抗压强度随龄期的增加呈增长的趋势。研究结果证明，这2种我国古代建筑中应用的硅酸盐材料经过科学改性后，可应用于我国石质、土质文物的加固，对我国传统硅酸盐材料的推广具有重要意义。

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关键词 ：建筑材料, 水硬石灰, 料礓石, 阿嘎土, 力学特性, 耐久性

Abstract：Natural hydraulic lime is extensively applied to protection and restoration of historic building. Based on the studies of conventional natural hydraulic lime(Yangshao cement)，we conducted experimental analysis of fundamental physical properties and environmental factors of calcinated Ginger nut and Aga soil，and compared to two European natural hydraulic limes(NHL2，NHL5). The results indicate that，Ginger nut and Aga soil burned calcinated at 1 000 ℃ for 3 hours had the similar characteristics to those of European water limes：less shrinking and deforming capacity，great interval porosity，good water and gas permeability，relatively stronger resistance to freeze thawing，stability in water，resistance to changes of temperature and humidity，and good resistance to erosion of alkaline medium；flexural strength and compressive strength of calculus body matched by materials of different ages tended to increase. The study results indicated that，after scientific modification，these two silicate materials applied to Chinese ancient buildings can be used in consolidation of historical relics made of stone and soil. The results have important significance on the spreading of traditional Chinese silicate materials.

Key words： building material hydraulic lime Ginger nut Aga soil mechanical characteristics durability

收稿日期: 2011-05-25

引用本文:

李黎1，赵林毅2，3，王金华1，李最雄2，3. 我国古代建筑中两种传统硅酸盐材料的物理力学特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(10): 2120-2127.
LI Li1，ZHAO Linyi2，3，WANG Jinhua1，LI Zuixiong2，3. RESEARCH ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO TRADITIONAL SILICATE MATERIALS IN CHINESE ANCIENT BUILDINGS. , 2011, 30(10): 2120-2127.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/I10/2120

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