岩质边坡开挖过程模拟的动态有限单元法

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摘要借鉴流形元的思想，提出三维岩质边坡开挖过程模拟的动态有限单元法。该方法在模拟边坡开挖过程中，建立有限元网格时仅需考虑结构面和复杂地形，而不用考虑开挖面的位置；开挖面信息仅作为动态参数在计算过程中实时输入，大幅度降低了前处理的难度。该方法根据几何拓扑判断，计算确定单元中的保留域和开挖域。运用常规有限元的位移插值模式，组装整体刚度矩阵和荷载向量，并运用加密高斯点法完成数值积分。其中，整体刚度矩阵来源于保留域，开挖域则提供开挖荷载。编制相应的计算程序，并将其应用于小湾孔雀沟料场边坡的开挖仿真分析中，通过该方法计算结果与常规有限元法计算结果进行对比，证明该方法的有效性。该方法的最大优点在于前处理简单，能运用于复杂边坡、洞室的快速开挖仿真和体型优化分析中。

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关键词 ：边坡工程, 开挖, 加密高斯积分, 动态有限元法

Abstract：Referring to the numerical manifold method，the dynamic finite element method with fixed meshes for the excavation simulation of complex slope is presented. By using the new method，only the discontinuous surface and complex terrain should be taken into account but not the explicit excavated elements. The location of excavated surface is just considered as an inputted real-time dynamic parameter. So，the time-consuming of the preprocess can be significantly deduced. The domain is divided into two parts：the reserved domain and excavation domain，which are determined with the help of geometric topology. By using the intensive Gauss numerical integration method，the total stiffness from the reserved domain and total load vector from the excavation domain are assembled with the displacement interpolation model of normal finite element method. Based on the principle above，the calculating procedure is programmed. The excavation simulation of Kongquegou slope of Xiaowan arch dam is studied by the new procedure. The results are in accordance with those from the general finite element method. The precision and validity of the new method are proved. The biggest advantage of the method is that the preprocessing is very simple；and it can be used in the excavation simulation and shape optimization for complicated slopes and caverns.

Key words： slope engineering excavation densified Gauss integration dynamic finite element method

收稿日期: 2011-05-04

引用本文:

殷德胜1，2，汪卫明2，陈胜宏2. 岩质边坡开挖过程模拟的动态有限单元法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(11): 2217-2224.
YIN Desheng1，2，WANG Weiming2，CHEN Shenghong2. DYNAMIC FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR EXCAVATION PROCESS SIMULATION OF ROCK SLOPE. , 2011, 30(11): 2217-2224.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/I11/2217

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