低渗透储层应力敏感性及其对石油开发的影响

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摘要为更深入研究低渗透储层的应力敏感性，以变径毛管束模型为基础，从理论上证明低渗透储层的强应力敏感性；并通过保持围压不变、改变流体压力的试验方法研究有效应力、孔隙结构及应力加载方式对储层渗透率的影响；在此基础上，利用数值模拟技术详细研究不同储层条件下的应力敏感性对油田生产的影响。研究结果表明：应力变化对孔隙度的影响较弱，而对渗透率的影响较大，低渗透储层渗透率应力敏感性更强；储层应力敏感性与孔隙结构、有效应力及其加载方式密切相关；渗透率越小、有效应力越大、应力加载速度越快，则储层的应力敏感性越大，且随着有效应力的减小，渗透率存在永久伤害，难以恢复至初始值；生产井的生产压差与应力敏感系数呈指数关系，储层非均质性越强、渗透率越小，应力敏感性越大，对油田生产的影响越大，而油藏韵律性对储层应力敏感影响较小。该研究结果对于合理开发低渗透油藏具有一定的指导作用。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 低渗透储层, 应力敏感性, 毛管束模型, 室内试验, 生产压差, 非均质性

Abstract：To deeply research the stress sensitivity of low permeability reservoir，the strong stress sensibility of low permeability reservoir is theoretically proved based on the capillary bundle model with varying diameters. The effects of effective stress，pore structure，stress loading mode on permeability are studied by laboratory experiments with varying fluid pressures，while keeping confining pressure steady. The effects of stress sensitivity on oilfield development under different formation conditions are studied by numerical simulation. The results show that：The effect of stress variation on porosity is very small，but its influence on permeability is very large. Comparing with high permeability reservoir，stress sensitivity of low permeability reservoir is stronger. Stress sensitivity is closely relative to effective stress，pore structure and stress loading mode. The stress sensitivity increases as the permeability decreases，the effective stress and the stress loading velocity increase. There exists permanent damage on permeability while the effective stress reduces，and the permeability cannot recover to the initial value. The producing pressure drop of the production well has a good exponential relationship with stress sensitive coefficient. The stronger the reservoir′s heterogeneity is and the lower the average permeability is，the larger the stress sensitivity is，and thus its effect on oil production is larger. However，the effect of rhythmicity on stress sensitivity is small. These results have guidance to develop low permeability reservoir reasonably.

Key words： rock mechanics low permeability reservoir stress sensitivity capillary bundle model laboratory experiment producing pressure drop heterogeneity

收稿日期: 2010-05-10

引用本文:

刘仁静1，2，刘慧卿2，张红玲2，陶冶3，李明2. 低渗透储层应力敏感性及其对石油开发的影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(S1): 2697-2702.
LIU Renjing1，2，LIU Huiqing2，ZHANG Hongling2，TAO Ye3，LI Ming2 . STUDY OF STRESS SENSITIVITY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON OIL DEVELOPMENT IN LOW PERMEABILITY RESERVOIR. , 2011, 30(S1): 2697-2702.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/IS1/2697

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