三种边坡安全系数计算方法对比研究

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摘要针对广泛使用极限平衡法和有限元强度折减法，提出基于改变重力加速度的重力比例自动加载法，从计算原理和安全系数计算成果上对其进行对比分析，分析得出各方法的优缺点。计算分析表明，重力比例自动加载法计算的边坡安全系数随坡角增加而递减的速率要远大于强度折减法，且一定程度上大于极限平衡法的计算成果，该方法得出的边坡安全系数对坡体几何条件变化最为敏感，在量化坡体安全程度上优于其余2种方法；对单层且坡角小于45°的土质边坡，推荐采用极限平衡法，若要采用基于有限元的安全系数分析法，需对土坡进行分层处理；对3层岩土边坡而言，推荐采用极限平衡法和重力比例自动加载法，有限元强度折减法不适用。此外，3种方法中，极限平衡法用时最短，5层岩土边坡计算时强度折减法在计算耗时为重力比例自动加载法的10倍，该差异随着岩层层数的增加还有提高趋势。

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关键词 ：边坡工程, 极限平衡法, 强度折减法, 重力比例自动加载法, 坡体几何条件

Abstract：In view of the widespread use of the limit equilibrium method and the strength reduction finite element method(FEM) for calculating the slope factor of safety，the gravity proportion automatic loading method based on changing the gravitational acceleration is proposed；and the advantages and disadvantages are pointed out by comparing their computation principles and results of each method. The analytical results indicate that the slope factor of safety calculated by using the gravity proportion automatic loading method increases much more rapidly than that using the strength reduction FEM，and it is also higher than the result calculated by limit equilibrium method to a certain extent. The factor of safety calculated by the gravity proportion automatic loading method is the most sensitive to the slope geometry variation，so it is superior to the other two methods on quantization of the slope factor of safety. When the single-layered slope angle is less than 45°，the limit equilibrium method is the best. If adopting the FEM methods，the layering process of the slope is needed. For three-layered slopes，the limit equilibrium method and the gravity proportion automatic loading method are recommended，the strength reduction FEM is not suitable. In addition，the calculating time for the limit equilibrium method is the shortest. For five-layered slopes，the calculating time for the strength reduction FEM is 10 times of the gravity proportion automatic loading method；and the discrepancy has a improving tendency with the increase in the slope layer number.

Key words： slope engineering limit equilibrium method strength reduction method gravity proportion automatic loading method slope geometric condition

收稿日期: 2010-01-14

引用本文:

刘杰1，李建林1，2，王乐华1，骆世威1，朱敏1，周济芳2，赵宗勇1. 三种边坡安全系数计算方法对比研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(S1): 2896-2903.
LIU Jie1，LI Jianlin1，2，WANG Lehua1，LUO Shiwei1，ZHU Min1，ZHOU Jifang2，ZHAO Zongyong1. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE CALCULATION METHODS FOR SLOPE FACTOR OF SAFETY. , 2011, 30(S1): 2896-2903.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/IS1/2896

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