黏性土爆炸成坑和地冲击传播的离心模型试验研究

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摘要以往研究结果表明化爆是一种体积效应引起的热力学现象，根据这一现象可以确定爆炸离心模型试验的能量比尺为1/N3(N为离心机加速度)。采用清华大学50 g•t土工离心机进行黏性土爆炸成坑和地冲击传播规律的离心模型试验，给出试验过程中实测加速度波形，对测试结果进行分析，得出黏性土中爆炸成坑和地冲击传播的一些认识：弹坑形成过程基本不受科氏加速度影响，但弹坑抛出物以及分布形态受科氏加速度影响；弹坑体积大小明显与重力加速度有关，小比尺模拟必须增加重力加速度来模拟。结果证明对于研究爆炸相关问题，土工离心机是一个非常有效的试验工具。

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关键词 ：爆炸力学, 量纲分析, 能量比尺, 爆炸离心模型试验系统, 爆炸成坑, 地冲击

Abstract：Previous research results indicate that chemical blasting is a phenomenon induced by volumetric effect. 1/N3(N for centrifuge acceleration) for blasting centrifuge model energy scaling can be confirmed according to the phenomenon. Centrifugal model tests on explosion-induced craters and propagation laws of ground shock in clay are investigated by using Tsinghua University?s 50 g•t geotechnical centrifuge. Measured acceleration waveform are presented，and the recorded results are also analyzed. Some certain understandings about explosion-induced craters and ground shock propagation in clay are obtained. Coriolis acceleration has no obvious effect on the forming process of the crater；on the contrary，Coriolis acceleration has effect on the ejection of crater and its distribution. The volume of crater has distinct relationship with gravity acceleration，small-scale modeling must increase gravity acceleration. The results prove that the geotechnical centrifuge is a good apparatus for blasting.

Key words： explosion mechanics dimensional analysis energy scaling blasting centrifugal model test system explosion-induced craters ground shock

收稿日期: 2009-07-17

引用本文:

马立秋1，2，张建民1，2. 黏性土爆炸成坑和地冲击传播的离心模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(S1): 3172-3178.
MA Liqiu1，2，ZHANG Jianmin1，2. CENTRIFUGAL MODEL TESTING STUDY OF EXPLOSION- INDUCED CRATERS AND PROPAGATION OF GROUND SHOCK IN CLAY. , 2011, 30(S1): 3172-3178.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/IS1/3172

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