浅埋特大采空区探测、稳定性分析及处置的实例研究

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摘要在现场勘查和空区三维激光扫描探测的基础上，采用FLAC3D数值模拟技术对首云矿埋深浅、顶板薄弱特大空区的稳定性进行模拟计算和分析。研究表明：采空区顶板两角隅处达到极限压碎破坏状态，并逐步延深扩大成拱；顶板中央拉应力分布明显，但不会造成拉伸破坏；周边围岩位移较大，但整体稳定。若在空区顶板合适位置形成一定尺寸的窗口，其顶板F53断层附近的围岩将达到极限剪切破坏状态；采用向空区顶板穿凿逐层抬高的扇形深孔(13层共132个深孔)毫秒微差爆破技术形成泄压天窗，使空区从南向北部逐步自行垮冒，空区被充填后形成下部无底柱分段崩落法的覆盖岩层，实现了特大空区的安全处理。

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关键词 ：采矿工程, 采空区, 顶板, 稳定性, 数值模拟, 激光扫描, 爆破

Abstract：Based on the exploration and laser scanning of 3D space in the field，the stability and predictive analysis of the shallow and weak roof large goaf at Shouyun mine are made by using FLAC3D numerical simulation. Studies have shown：the limit state of crushing destruction is achieved at the two corners of roof plate，and gradually expands into a deep extension of the arch. There is the central tensile stress distribution clearly in the roof，but tensile failure will not be caused. Displacement of surrounding rock mass is eminent，but the overall of the goaf is stable. Numerical simulation research also shows that a certain size roof window will yield the limit state of shear failure near the fault F53. A relief window is formed by a fan-shaped deep holes blasting that is 13 layer of 132 deep holes? milliseconds blasting，the goaf collapsed gradually from the south to north on its own，an overlying rock protection layer of sublevel caving is formed by filling empty areas. The large goaf is handled safely.

Key words： mining engineering goaf roof stability numerical simulation laser scanning blasting

收稿日期: 2011-10-28

引用本文:

王德胜1，周庆忠2，陈旭臣1，卢国栋2. 浅埋特大采空区探测、稳定性分析及处置的实例研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(s2): 3882-3888.
WANG Desheng1，ZHOU Qingzhong2，CHEN Xucheng1，LU Guodong2. DETECTION，STABILITY ANALYSIS AND DISPOSAL OF LARGE SHALLOW GOAF：A CASE STUDY. , 2012, 31(s2): 3882-3888.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2012/V31/Is2/3882

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