塌陷区全尾砂–废石混合处置体抗剪强度特性试验研究

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摘要某矿将尾砂、废石制备成膏体对采矿引起的地表塌陷区进行回填处置，其强度特性直接影响到塌陷区处置效果及井下生产安全。废石含量及粒径是影响处置体抗剪强度的关键因素。采用改进的小型直剪装置对处置体试块进行试验，得到废石含量、粒径对处置体抗剪强度、黏聚力c、内摩擦角? 的影响规律，采用改进的黏着摩擦理论对其强度机制进行分析。试验结果表明：随废石含量增加c值总体呈下降趋势、?值总体呈上升趋势；根据废石含量及粒径不同，抗剪强度可分为黏聚力控制型、黏聚力–摩擦力共同作用型、摩擦力控制型；抗剪强度在含石量20%～30%时达到最低值；抗剪强度随废石粒径增大而增大；应力–应变曲线在低应力区呈应变软化、高应力区呈微应变硬化；摩擦强度对抗剪强度贡献率达到80%，颗粒间摩擦强度决定了宏观抗剪强度；废石粒径及含量的改变，实质是改变了处置体粒间的实际接触面积，引起粒间摩擦强度的改变，引起宏观抗剪强度的变化。

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关键词 ：采矿工程；塌陷区处置；抗剪强度；全尾砂&ndash, 废石；黏着摩擦理论；膏体

Abstract：Paste made of tailings and waste rocks was used to backfill the subsidence caused by mining in a certain mine. The strength of paste is directly related to the effect of the disposal and safety production underground. The content and grain size of waste rocks are key factors influencing shear strength. In this regard，a test is performed on the test block of disposal body with the modified small direct shear apparatus so as to gain the influence law of the disposal body?s shear strength，cohesion and internal friction angle ，which are related to the waste rock?s content and grain size. Its strength mechanism is analyzed with the modified adhesion theory of friction. The test result shows that，as the content of waste rock increases，the value tends to decline and the value tends to increase；the shear strength may be divided into cohesive force control，combined control of cohesive and friction and friction control according to the waste rock content and its grain size；the shear strength tends to drop before increasing as the content of waste rocks increases，and reaches its minimum value when the content is between 20% and 30%；the shear strength increases with the grain size；the stress-strain curve shows strain softening in low stress zone and strain hardening in high stress zone. The contribution of friction strength to shear strength reaches 80%；and the macro shear strength depends on the shear strength between grains；the change of waste rock?s grain size and content actually changes the contact area between the grains of the disposal；so that it changes the friction strength between grains and thus changes the macro shear strength.

Key words： mining engineering subsidence control shear strength unclassified tailings-waste rock adhesion theory of friction paste

收稿日期: 2012-10-24

引用本文:

吴爱祥1，2，孙伟1，2，王洪江1，2，韩斌1，2，周喻1，2，彭乃兵1，2. 塌陷区全尾砂–废石混合处置体抗剪强度特性试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2013, 32(5): 917-925.
WU Aixiang1，2，SUN Wei1，2，WANG Hongjiang1，2，HAN Bin1，2，ZHOU Yu1，2，PENG Naibing1，2. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF SUBSIDENCE BACKFILL BODY MIXED BY UNCLASSIFIED TAILINGS AND WASTE ROCKS. , 2013, 32(5): 917-925.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2013/V32/I5/917

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