单轴压缩条件下砂岩破坏全过程电阻率与声发射响应特征及损伤演化

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摘要为了全面、客观地描述单轴压缩条件下砂岩损伤破坏过程和状态，提出利用电阻率和声发射技术对砂岩岩样单轴压缩全过程进行联合测试的试验方法。针对30个砂岩岩样单轴压缩全过程中的电阻率和声发射响应特征进行试验研究。研究表明，电阻率和声发射的响应信息有很强的规律性和互补性：在压密阶段、弹性变形阶段和塑性变形阶段，电阻率信息对岩样内部裂隙萌生和发展活动的响应更为敏感，而声发射信号较微弱；岩样破裂瞬间，电阻率和声发射都突然升高，二者相比，声发射的同步性更好，敏感程度更高；岩样破坏完成后，电阻率仍有不同程度的变化，最终趋于稳定，而声发射又恢复到较低的水平。同时，推导基于电阻率表征的岩样损伤变量的解析表达，并根据其与声发射表征的损伤变量之间的互补性，定义一综合损伤变量，得到典型岩样的损伤演化方程，提出岩样损伤破坏状态的判别标准和破坏前兆特征。通过理论与实际试验全应力–应变曲线的对比发现，综合损伤变量能够更全面、客观地反映和描述受载岩样的损伤演化过程。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 单轴压缩, 电阻率, 声发射, 联合测试, 综合损伤变量, 损伤演化状态

Abstract：In order to describe the damage evolution state of sandstone during the uniaxial compression comprehensively and objectively，a joint test method combining electrical resistivity and acoustic emission(AE) has been proposed. And the electrical resistivity and AE response characteristic of 30 sandstone samples during the whole process of uniaxial compression have been studied. The results show that there are strong regularity and complementarity between electrical resistivity and AE information. In the stages of compaction，elastic deformation and plastic deformation，the electrical resistivity is more sensitive to the fissure initiation and development activities；while the AE signal is relatively weak. At the moment of rock samples fracture，electrical resistivity and AE information increase suddenly and the AE information has better synchronicity and sensitivity. Then，after the rock samples fracture，electrical resistivity information still has some changes and tends towards stability；while the AE information restores to a low level. At the same time，the analytic expressions of damage variable based on electrical resistivity have been derived. According to the complementarity between electrical resistivity and AE damage variables，a comprehensive damage variable has been defined；and the damage evolution equations of typical rock samples are obtained. In addition，the precursor characteristic of rock fracture and a status qualitative criterion for rock damage and failure have been proposed. Through comparing the between theoretical stress-strain curve with experimental one during the whole process of uniaxial compression，it is shown that the comprehensive damage variable can reflect and describe the rock samples damage evolution comprehensively and objectively.

Key words： rock mechanics uniaxial compression electrical resistivity acoustic emission joint test comprehensive damage variable damage evolution state

收稿日期: 2013-01-18

引用本文:

李术才，许新骥，刘征宇，杨为民，刘斌，张霄，王者超，聂利超，李景龙，徐磊. 单轴压缩条件下砂岩破坏全过程电阻率与声发射响应特征及损伤演化[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(1): 14-23.
LI Shucai，XU Xinji，LIU Zhengyu，YANG Weimin，LIU Bin，ZHANG Xiao，WANG Zhechao，NIE Lichao，LI Jinglong，XU Lei. ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS AND DAMAGE EVOLUTION OF SANDSTONE DURING WHOLE PROCESS OF UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION. , 2014, 33(1): 14-23.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2014/V33/I1/14

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