(1. School of Civil and Architectural Engineering，Wuhan University，Wuhan，Hubei 430072，China；2. Fujian Provincial Expressway Construction Directorate，Fuzhou，Fujian 350001，China；3. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430071，China；4. Henan Provincial Communications Planning Survey and Design Institute Co.，Ltd.，Henan，Zhengzhou 450052，China)
Abstract：Inrush accidents generally happen in soluble rock tunnels during underground constructions. However，the number of inrush disasters reported in non-soluble rock tunnels have been increasing recently. They can lead to serious disasters and huge economic losses in tunnel construction. Cases studies were thus carried out and the analysis of three inrush accidents revealed that the causes of the inrush in non-soluble rock tunnels were due to the effects of excavation and blasting disturbance leading to the water and fragmental materials occurred in the fractured and weak zones flowing into the tunnels under their own pressures. The risks carrying environment must have the required physical，spatial and triggering conditions simultaneously：the physical conditions refers to the existence of abundant water and in-situ or exogenous fragments including gravel，sand and mud，etc.；the spatial condition refers to the fracture zone and the weak zone storing and transferring the inrushing materials；The triggering condition is the disturbance to the rock caused by excavation and blasting during the tunnel construction. The predication of inrush disaster in the construction of non-soluble rock tunnels is therefore to identify the fracture and weak zones containing the potential inrushing materials and the components and cementation level of material in two zones a head of the front face of tunneling. A comprehensive geological and geophysical detection and drilling scheme was then carried out to according to the material and spatial conditions in inrush disaster；The characteristics of seismic dynamic response of the parameters such as the reflection amplitude ratio and the wave axis similarity to anomaly geological objects in tunnel geologic prediction(TGP) were constructed. The approach was applied to the fault fracture zone F17 in anterior tunnels. The macro engineering geological analysis，geological investigation and experiments in excavated sections and the trends tracking were performed to reveal the statistical and mechanical characteristics of the surrounding rocks. The long range TGP and the short range ground penetration radar detections and the horizontal drilling were performed to identify the risks containing environment of inrushing disaster in the section unexcavated. The precise locating of the position，the scale and the spatial distribution of the fault fracture zone were thus be achieved. The material components within the zones and the cementation level were detected and the occurrences of inrush accidents were predicted successfully.
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2014, Vol. 33 
