急斜特厚煤岩体耦合致裂应用研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0791

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摘要为达到更好的煤岩体致裂效果并弥补爆破与注水方式的缺点，提出耦合致裂工艺及其分析方法与流程。以急斜特厚煤岩体耦合致裂为工程背景，完成复杂环境下煤岩体耦合致裂方案设计，采用BP神经网络对耦合致裂后煤体的可放性(U)进行预测，对比分析不同方法间U的差异，最后采用微震监测的方法分析岩体的卸压效果。结果表明：耦合致裂工艺是提高急斜特厚煤岩体冒放性和解除应力集中的有效方法，煤岩体耦合致裂分析流程实现了耦合致裂效果的评估。BP神经网络预计在高阶段煤体和常规阶段煤体交叉区域预测的数据仍具有一定的可靠性，可以实现煤体耦合致裂效果的评估。注水期间、注水后以及爆破后，低等级的微震事件次数略有上升，但高等级事件数下降的能量远大于新增低等级事件数的能量，注水后释放能量仅是注水前的12.5%，地面爆破后释放的总能量与爆破前相比降低了51%。耦合致裂效应突出表现在将高等级的微震能量转化为较多低等级能量事件的缓慢释放，降低了动力灾害的频次和程度，促使高压力缓慢释放、主动诱导→集中释放，实现了动态灾害显现向静态缓慢释放的转变。实践结果反映出在煤岩体的耦合致裂措施下，顶煤的冒放性和动力灾害问题均得到较好的控制和解决。

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关键词 ：采矿工程, 急斜特厚煤岩体, 耦合致裂, 微震监测, 神经网络

Abstract：To better achieve fracturing effect in coal and make up for the shortcomings of blasting and water injection，a method of coupled cracking were put forward. The coupled cracking was applied to a steeply dipping and extra-thick coal layer. The caving ability(U) of coal after coupled cracking was forecasted with the method of BP neural network and the differences of U obtained with the different methods were compared. The effect of pressure relief in rock was analyzed with the method of microseismic monitoring. The coupled-cracking technology was found to be an effective to improve the caving ability and to relieve stress concentration for steeply dipping and extra-thick coal layer. The effect of coupled-cracking was evaluated with the analysis process of coupled cracking. The prediction with BP neural network still had a certain degree of reliability for the cross regional of high stage and conventional stage coal mass and the assessment of coupled cracking effect for coal mass was realized. The number of low level microseismic event rose slightly during the water injection and after water injection and blasting，but the energy caused by the decreasing of high level event was more than the energy of new low level event. The released energy after injection water was only 12.5% of the released energy before injection water. The total energy after the ground blasting was reduced by 51% compared with the energy before blasting. Coupled-cracking effect was manifested in the conversion of the small number of microseismic events of high energy into more events of low energy，which reduced the frequency and extent of dynamic disaster and promoted the slow release of high pressure. The coupled-cracking shifted the dynamic disasters to slow static release.

Key words： mining engineering steeply dipping and extra-thick coal-rock coupled cracking micro-seismic monitoring neural network

引用本文:

崔峰1，2，来兴平1，2，陈建强3，孙秉成3. 急斜特厚煤岩体耦合致裂应用研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(08): 1569-1580.
CUI Feng1，2，LAI Xingping1，2，CHEN Jianqiang3，SUN Bingcheng3. RESEARCH ON THE APPLICATION OF COUPLED-CRACK TECHNOLOGY IN INCLINED EXTRA-THICK COAL-ROCK MASS. , 2015, 34(08): 1569-1580.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0791 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I08/1569

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