钻爆法与TBM开挖深部洞室诱发围岩应变能释放规律

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1316

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摘要在深部岩体开挖过程中，围岩应变能的释放是导致岩体破坏的诱因之一，而不同开挖方式下应变能的释放规律存在较大差异。通过理论分析，探讨了钻爆法和TBM开挖下能量的转化和分配机理，并对锦屏二级水电站深埋隧洞TBM和钻爆开挖导致的围岩振动进行现场监测和对比分析，讨论了不同开挖方式下应变能释放的过程及特性。研究表明，高地应力下爆破开挖过程岩体所储存的应变能伴随爆破破岩过程高速释放，且应变能诱发的振动能与爆炸能诱发的振动能大致相当，另外，MS1段释放的岩体应变能约为整个开挖过程应变能释放量的50%；而TBM开挖条件下，开挖岩体内应变能以准静态的方式缓慢释放，几乎全部转化为岩体势能，不会引起围岩动力响应。相同条件下，钻爆开挖所引起围岩释放的应变能的大小和速率均较TBM开挖大，导致相同条件下钻爆开挖的隧洞高等级岩爆发生的频次较多，而TBM开挖条件下以片帮、剥落为代表的破坏现象较为显著。

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关键词 ：能量释放, 钻爆开挖, 能量分配, TBM开挖, 振动, 岩爆

Abstract：During the excavation of deep rock，the strain energy release of surrounding rock is one of the incentive reasons which will lead to the destruction of rock，while there is a big difference in strain energy release rules under different excavation methods. By theoretical analysis，discussed the mechanism of energy conversion and distribution of drilling and blasting method and TBM excavation，and field monitored and comparison analyzed the Jin-ping II Hydropower Station rock vibrations caused by TBM and drilling and blasting method in tunnel excavation to discuss the strain release process and characteristic. Studies show that，strain energy stored in rock mass released fleetly when drilling and blasting excavate the rock in high in-situ stress，and vibration energy induced by the strain energy is roughly equal to the vibration energy induced by blasting energy，besides，the strain energy releasing of MS1 segment is about 50% of total energy releasing； However，the strain energy of rock mass released slowly by the quasi-static method under the TBM excavation，Almost all turning into the potential energy of the surrounding rock，doesn?t cause the dynamic response. In the same conditions，the range and the rate of strain energy release caused by drilling and blasting excavation is larger than TBM excavation，which led to more high-grade rock burst，but in the condition of TBM excavation，the destruction phenomenon represented by spalling and flaking is more frequent.

Key words： energy release drilling and blasting excavation energy distribution TBM excavation vibration rock bursting

引用本文:

谢良涛1，2，严鹏1，2，范勇1，2，卢文波1，2，陈明1，2，周创兵1，2 . 钻爆法与TBM开挖深部洞室诱发围岩应变能释放规律[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(09): 17-17.
XIE Liangtao1，2，YAN Peng1，2，FAN Yong1，2，LU Wenbo1，2，CHEN Ming1，2，ZHOU Chuangbing1，2. THE RELEASING RULES OF STRAIN ENERGY INDUCED BY DRILLING AND BLASTING METHOD AND TBM EXCAVATION IN DEEP TUNNEL. , 2015, 34(09): 17-17.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1316 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I09/17

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