结构面剪切破坏特性及其在滑移型岩爆研究中的应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0337

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摘要从锦屏二级水电站深埋隧洞施工中发现结构面的剪切滑移可能诱发极强岩爆，因此为研究结构面对滑移型岩爆的控制机制，利用水泥砂浆作为模型材料制作了3种不同起伏高度的不规则锯齿形结构面并进行了直剪试验，研究了不同起伏高度、剪切速率和法向压力下的结构面的强度特征和破坏机制，并对现场的滑移型岩爆进行了初步的机制分析。研究结果表明，每种起伏高度的结构面的峰值抗剪强度和残余强度均随法向压力增大而增大；随着起伏高度的增加，结构面的抗剪强度、内摩擦角逐渐增加；随着剪切速率增加结构面抗剪强度具有先增加后减小的趋势；不同工况下结构面的破坏机制可归纳为锯齿的滑移错断机制、结构面上下盘的拉伸断裂机制和上盘前端下盘后端的冲击断裂机制，结构面的起伏高度越大、法向应力越高，冲击断裂的规模越大；现场结构面的应力集中程度、结构面面壁凸台的尺寸、强度和位置等决定了滑移型岩爆发生的等级、爆坑深度。

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关键词 ：结构面滑移, 直剪试验, 岩爆机制, 起伏高度, 滑移错断, 冲击断裂

Abstract：It is revealed that extremely intense rockburst may be caused by shear slip of structural plane during excavation of the deeply buried tunnels of Jinping II Hydropower Station，so to study the controlling mechanism of structural plane to the slip burst，irregular serrated structural planes with three different asperity heights were made of cement mortar which is used as model material and direct shear tests were performed to investigate strength characteristics and failure mechanisms of structural planes at various asperity height，shearing velocity and normal stress，and mechanism of in-situ slip burst are analyzed preliminarily. Research results indicate that peak shear strength and residual shear strength of structural plane with different asperity heights increase with the increase of normal stress，and shear strength and inner friction angle increase with the increase of asperity height，besides，shear strength is found increase firstly then decrease with the increase of shear rate. Failure mechanism of structural planes under various conditions can be categorized into slip dislocation mechanism，tensile failure mechanism of footwall and hanging wall， and impact fracture of the front end of hanging wall and backend of footwall of the structural plane，moreover，the higher the asperity and the greater the normal stress，the larger the scale of impact fracture. Intensity and crater depth of the in-situ slip burst depend largely on stress concentration around the structural plane，and on the size，strength，location of asperities on the structural plane surface.

Key words： slip of structure plane direct shear test mechanism of rockburst asperity height slip dislocation impact fracture

引用本文:

周辉，孟凡震，张传庆，杨凡杰，卢景景. 结构面剪切破坏特性及其在滑移型岩爆研究中的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(09): 21-21.
ZHOU Hui，MENG Fanzhen，ZHANG Chuanqing，YANG Fanjie，LU Jingjing. THE SHEAR FAILURE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE STRUCTURAL PLANE AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE STUDY OF SLIP ROCKBURST. , 2015, 34(09): 21-21.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0337 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I09/21

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