均质无黏性土流土发生机制室内模型试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2013.1797

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摘要通过室内砂槽模型试验模拟均质无黏性土垂向流土的发生发展过程，研究无黏性土发生渗透变形和渗透破坏过程中，土体渗透系数、水力梯度、渗透流量等参数的变化规律，分析土体渗透变形过程中优势流的产生、发展的循环过程，并通过对比试验研究了发生流土破坏后的土体经过一段时间自重固结后的抗渗强度。试验结果表明：均质无黏性土在渗流作用下发生渗透变形的过程中，有一个渗透系数不变的阶段。这一阶段土体中还没有形成优势流，土体处于稳定的安全渗流阶段。土体中优势流的空间可变性造就了一个优势流“形成→发展→消失→再形成”的循环过程，这种循环过程伴随着土体中不断的微小渗透变形。土体发生流土破坏后，破坏区域的土体出现了水力筛分现象，水力筛分过程改变了土体结构，降低了土体的抗渗强度。

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关键词 ：土力学, 无黏性土, 流土, 优势流, 水力筛分, 临界水力梯度

Abstract：The process of flowing soil in cohesionless soil was stimulated in laboratory tests to study the change rule among parameters such as permeability coefficient，hydraulic gradient and seepage discharge during seepage deformation. The cyclic process of preferential flow formation and development was analyzed in the process of seepage failure. Comparative tests were conducted to study the anti-permeability strength of soil after a period of consolidation. Results show that there is a period of steady fluid flow under low hydraulic gradient，during which the preferential flow has not formed and the permeability coefficient is a constant. The preferential flow induced by seepage is spatially variable in cohesionless soils. In the cycle of preferential flow formation，development，disappear and reformulation，the tiny seepage deformation happens all the time. In the broken area of flowing soils，the hydraulic screening changed the soil structures and reduced the anti-permeability strength.

Key words： soil mechanics cohesionless soil flowing soil preferential flow hydraulic screening critical hydraulic gradient

引用本文:

黄德文1，2，陈建生1，2，陈亮1，2，王霜1，2. 均质无黏性土流土发生机制室内模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(s1): 3424-3431.
HUANG Dewen1，2，CHEN Jiansheng1，2，CHEN Liang1，2，WANG Shuang1，2. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF FLOWING SOIL FOR HOMOGENEOUS COHESIONLESS SOIL. , 2015, 34(s1): 3424-3431.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2013.1797 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/Is1/3424

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