CO2–水两相条件下砂岩致裂特征与有效应力模型的试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0951

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摘要 CO2–水两相条件下的岩石力学行为是CO2地质封存中的关键科学问题之一。利用自主研发的厚壁圆筒式两相致裂仪进行CO2–水两相条件下砂岩压裂试验，并研究CO2–水两相有效应力模型。通过向试样加载内压、围压和轴压形成与井壁围岩类似的最小主应力为负的真三轴应力状态，采用半透隔板法进行CO2驱水试验以精确控制试样孔隙中CO2–水两相流体的组分压力和饱和度，最后通过内压致裂试样获得致裂压力。还进行了不同有效围压下含单相水孔流试样的致裂试验，得到其致裂压与有效围压的拟合函数。为研究CO2–水两相有效应力模型，选用4种可应用于岩石的非饱和介质有效应力公式与拟合函数联立推导得到破裂压力预测模型，与试验结果对比以间接验证这4种有效应力公式对于表征CO2–水两相流体条件下有效应力的适用性。结果表明，考虑Biot系数的Bishop非饱和有效应力模型能够较好地描述CO2–水两相流体下所测试砂岩的张性开裂行为，可直接作为CO2–水两相有效应力模型使用。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, CO2–水, 张拉破坏, 有效应力

Abstract：The rock mechanical behavior under the two-phase pore fluid condition of CO2-water is one of the key scientific issues in geological storage of CO2. The fracturing experiments of sandstone in two-phase fluid of CO2-water were conducted with the test device named hollow-cylinder tensile tester in two-phase fluid developed in-house. An effective stress model in two-phase fluid of CO2-water was studied based on the experimental results. The internal，confining and axial pressures were imposed on the hollow cylinder sample to build a true triaxial stress state so that the minimum principal stress was negative，which was similar to the stress state in surrounding rock of borehole. A semi-permeable disk method was used to flood water to precisely control the partial pressure and saturation of two-phase fluid of CO2-water in the sample. The fracturing pressure was measured by fracturing the sample with internal pressure. The function of fracture pressure and effective confining pressure was fit with the results of the fracturing tests of samples in water under different effective confining pressures. Finally，the prediction models were deduced based on the fitting function and four types of unsaturated effective stress formula were proved to apply to rock. The prediction models were compared with the experimental result to indirectly verify the applicability of these formulas for describing the effective stress under the two-phase fluids of CO2-water condition. The results indicated that Bishop?s unsaturated effective stress formula was the most appropriate to describe the issue for the tested sandstone，which can be directly used as the effective stress model in two-phase fluids of CO2-water.

Key words： rock mechanics CO2-water tensile fracturing effective stresses

引用本文:

刘明泽，白冰，李小春，高帅，王磊，伍海清. CO2–水两相条件下砂岩致裂特征与有效应力模型的试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(2): 250-259.
LIU Mingze，BAI Bing，LI Xiaochun，GAO Shuai，WANG Lei，WU Haiqing. Experimental study of fracturing characteristics of sandstone under CO2-water two-phase condition and effective stress model. , 2016, 35(2): 250-259.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0951 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2016/V35/I2/250

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