滑坡冲击铲刮效应物理模型试验及机制探讨

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0695

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摘要滑坡–碎屑流在高速运动过程中对基底物质存在明显的冲击铲刮作用，从而造成滑坡体积不断增大，扩大其致灾影响范围。通过开展物理模型试验研究滑坡物质的颗粒粒径和体积以及基底物质的粒径和堆积厚度对铲刮效应的影响，同时采用MotionPro-Y3–S1高速摄像机观察冲击铲刮过程。试验结果表明：滑坡物质在运动过程中强烈地冲击铲刮基底物质，使其高速飞溅及剪切运动；铲刮距离随滑坡物质体积、粒径以及基底物质颗粒粒径的增大和可侵蚀基底厚度的减小而增大。结合试验现象以及前人的研究成果对滑坡冲击铲刮机制进行探讨：滑坡–碎屑流的冲击铲刮作用在前缘主要表现为冲切破坏，它以撞击力的形式使基底物质发生破坏而铲刮，而在中后部主要表现为运动剪切作用，以剪切力的形式使基底物质发生剪切破坏而被铲刮。

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	陆鹏源1
	侯天兴2
	杨兴国1
	郝明辉2
	周家文1

关键词 ：边坡工程, 滑坡&ndash, 碎屑流, 物理模型试验, 冲切作用, 运动剪切, 冲击铲刮机制

Abstract：During the high-speed movement of landslide-debris avalanches，the effect of erosion on the substrate material increases greatly the sliding volume and expands the disastrous zone. The effect of the particle size and volume of slide materials and the effect of the particle size and the thickness of substrate materials on entrainment process were studied with the physical model tests. A high frequency camera of the type of MotionPro-Y3–S1 was used to observe the process of substrate entrainment. The test results revealed that the sliding materials of high-speed movement impacted and eroded the substrate strongly and make the substrate splash with great velocity and move forward after being sheared. The entrainment distance increased with the growth of volume and grain size of slide materials as well as the particle size of the substrate materials while decreased with the growth of erodible substrate thickness. The impact failure was shown at the front of the debris avalanches，which damaged the substrate and brought entrainment due to impacting force. The shear movement at the middle and rear part caused the shear failure of substrate materials due to the shearing force.

Key words： slope engineering landslide-debris avalanche physical modelling impacting and scouring movement erosion entrainment mechanism

引用本文:

陆鹏源1，侯天兴2，杨兴国1，郝明辉2，周家文1. 滑坡冲击铲刮效应物理模型试验及机制探讨[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(6): 1225-1232.
LU Pengyuan1，HOU Tianxing2，YANG Xingguo1，HAO Minghui2，ZHOU Jiawen1. Physical modeling test for entrainment effect of landslides and the related mechanism discussion. , 2016, 35(6): 1225-1232.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0695 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2016/V35/I6/1225

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