冻土路基块(碎)石层反射率测量及应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1654

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (626 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要通过测量平均粒径为1，2，3和5 cm的天然碎石层的反射率，以揭示影响碎石层反射率的主控因子。为了提高碎石层的反射率，将不同粒径骨料均匀涂上高反射率材料，并将实测碎石层表面的反射率与采用ASTM E1918A规范计算结果进行对比。研究发现：ASTM E1918A规范计算值是文中模型的一个特例。当太阳辐射瞬时强度值变化小于20 W/m2，模型计算的反射率与ASTM E1918A计算值的偏差在0.00～0.03。由于碎石层表面粗糙度，其反射率总比新鲜碎石平面的反射率低0.10～0.25，且随着骨料粒径的增大，天然碎石层的反射率逐渐降低。因为从表面散射反射的光子重新回到表面的概率增大，加剧了碎石孔隙间的多重反射，从而降低了反射率。经喷涂高反射率材料后，可将碎石层反射率从0.262提高至0.433，提高幅度在0.10～0.20。提高碎块路基的反射率可以有效地降低路基边坡温度，有利于保护冻土路基的稳定性。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	谭康豪1
	2
	覃英宏1
	2
	梁槚1
	2
	庞如月1
	李芸峰1

关键词 ：土力学, 多年冻土, 碎石层, 反射率, ASTM E1918A, 多重反射, 碎石护坡

Abstract：A novel method for measuring the albedo of crushed-rock layer was proposed in this paper. The albedo of the crushed limestone layers with single-size aggregates of 1，2，3 and 5 cm sizes was measured respectively to reveal the main factors controlling the albedo of the crushed-rock layer. The layer was painted with the high-reflective pigment to increase the albedo of the crushed-rock layer and then the albedo of the painted layer was measured. The albedo of the crushed-rock layer was tested and compared against the albedo measured by the ASTM E1918A. It was found that when the variation of the incident solar intensity was less than 20W/m2 (tolerant errors stated by ASTM E1918A)，the ASTM E1918A either underestimate or overestimate the albedo of the crushed-rock layer up to 0.00–0.03. The reflectivity of the crushed-rock layer decreases with the aggregate size，and the albedo of the crushed-rock layer is 0.10–0.25 lower than that of the fresh flat crushed-rock. This difference is because photons leaving the crushed-rock layer have a probability to return to the layer，reducing the albedo of the crushed-rock layer. Painting the crushed-rock layer with high reflective pigment raised the albedo of the layer from 0.262 to 0.433. Raising the reflectivity of the crushed-rock layer on slope of embankment reduces the temperature of side slope and protects the permafrost stratum.

Key words： soil mechanics permafrost crushed-rock layer albedo ASTM E1918A multiple reflections crushed-rock revetment

引用本文:

谭康豪1，2，覃英宏1，2，梁槚1，2，庞如月1，李芸峰1. 冻土路基块(碎)石层反射率测量及应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(1): 254-260.
TAN Kanghao1，2，QIN Yinghong1，2，LIANG Jia1，2，PANG Ruyue1，LI Yunfeng1. Theory and application of measuring the albedo of crushed-rock layer embankment in permafrost regions. , 2017, 36(1): 254-260.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1654 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2017/V36/I1/254

[3]	马辉，刘建坤，张弥，等. 青藏铁路建设中的冻土工程问题及其应对措施[J]. 土木工程学报，2006，39(2)：85-92.(MA Hui，LIU Jiankun，ZHANG Mi，et al. Frozen soil problems in Qinghai—Tibet railway construction and engineering measures[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal，2006，39(2)：85-92.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[5]	王可丽，程国栋. 青藏铁路沿线地表和路基表面热力学模式(I)：物理过程与实验方案[J]. 冰川冻土，2002，24(6)：760-764. (WANG Keli，CHENG Guodong. Thermodynamic model of the ground surface and the roadbed surface along the Qinghai—Tibetan railway(i)：physical process and experimental scheme[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology，2002，24(6)：760-764.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[8]	张明义，赖远明，高志华，等. 开放条件下粒径对块石和碎石护坡降温效果影响的试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2006，28(11)：1 986- 1 990.(ZHANG Mingyi，LAI Yuanming，GAO Zhihua，et al. Experimental investigation on influence of grain-diameter on cooling effect of crushed rock revetment with permeable boundary[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2006，28(11)：1 986-1 990.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[10]	徐新阳，康雁，陈旭. 分形漫步[M]. 沈阳：东北大学出版社，1994：226-230.(XU Xinyang，KANG Yan，CHEN Xu. A random walk through fractal dimensions[M]. Shenyang：Northeastern University Press，1994：226-230.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[7]	QIN Y，TAN K，LIANG J. Theory and procedure for measuring the albedo of a roadway embankment[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology，2016，126：30-35. " target="_blank">
[4]	王可丽，程国栋，江灏，等. 青藏铁路沿线地表和路基表面热力学模式(II)：无云大气条件下模拟试验结果分析[J]. 冰川冻土，2004，26(2)：171-176.(WANG Keli，CHENG Guodong，JIANG Hao，et al. Thermodynamic model of the ground surface and embankment surface along the Qinghai—Tibet railway(II)：results in the cloud-free condition[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology，2004，26(2)：171-176.(in Chinese))
[6]	胡泽勇，钱泽雨，程国栋，等. 太阳辐射对青藏铁路路基表面热状况的影响[J]. 冰川冻土，2002，24(2)：121-128.(HU Zeyong，QIAN Zeyu，WANG Guodong，et al. Influence of solar radiation on embankment surface thermal regime of the Qinghai—Tibetan railway[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology，2002，24(2)：121-128.(in Chinese))
[12]	QIN Y，HILLER J，BAO T. Modeling cold region ground temperatures with a heat flux upper boundary model[J]. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering，2013，27：29-43 " target="_blank">
[11]	QIN Y. Urban canyon albedo and its implication on the use of reflective cool pavements[J]. Energy and Building，2015，96：86-94. " target="_blank">
[1]	QIN Y，LIANG J，HUANG Z，et al. Painting the roadway embankment with non-white high reflective pigments to raise the albedo[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences，2016，75：359. " target="_blank">
[2]	QIN Y，LIANG J，LUO Z，et al. Increasing the southern side-slope albedo remedies thermal asymmetry of cold-region roadway embankments[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology，2016，123：115-120. " target="_blank">
[9]	AKBARI H，LEVINSON R，STERN S. Procedure for measuring the solar reflectance of flat or curved roofing assemblies[J]. Solar Energy，2008，82：648-655. " target="_blank">
[13]	QIN Y，TAN K，LIANG J. Shading boards with smaller lower-surface thermal emissivity perform better cooling effect[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology，2015，120：30-34. " target="_blank">