多围压脆岩压缩破坏特征及裂纹扩展规律

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.1485

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摘要为揭示脆岩三向受压时的破坏特征与裂纹扩展分布规律，首先通过室内试验得到油页岩试件在变围压条件下的力学参数和变形破坏特征；其次基于离散元软件UDEC自带的Voronoi块体划分逻辑，采用内置Fish语言编译三角块体群数值模型的构建程序，通过参数反演确定块体接触面的微观参数，并选用最佳块体边长均值建立标准压缩数值试件；然后对数值试件进行不同围压下的压缩模拟，并依据接触面破坏准则，应用Fish语言编译相关程序，统计试件压缩过程中发生破坏的接触面的累积数量及长度，接触面的累积破坏伴随着裂纹的萌生与扩展，最终得到数值试件的压缩破坏形态及裂纹发育规律。结果表明，随围压升高，脆岩破坏剪裂角小幅增大，试件破坏形态均为包含一组共轭剪切面的脆性剪切破坏，与数值模拟结果较吻合；试件三轴压缩时以剪切破坏为主，同围压试件剪破坏裂纹数量约为拉破坏的6倍，剪破坏裂纹长度为拉破坏裂纹长度的40～70倍；随围压增大，剪破坏裂纹长度最大值逐渐增加，由开始的77.3%逐渐增加至94%；而拉破坏裂纹长度最大值逐渐减小，由开始的16.3%减少至12.1%。

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	马文强1
	王同旭2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 脆岩, 变围压, 压缩破坏, 裂纹扩展, UDEC

Abstract：To reveal the failure characteristics and crack propagation law of brittle rock under triaxial compression，mechanical parameters and deformation-failure characteristics of oil shale were obtained through laboratory compression tests under various confining pressures first. Based on the Voronoi block division logic，Fish language was used to compile a program，and a numerical model composed of trigon blocks was established in UDEC with the program. The micro-parameters was determined through calibrating properties，and an optimal trigon edge length average was chosen to construct standard compression numerical specimens. A series of compression simulations under various confining pressures were performed. According to the contact failure criterion，some FISH programs were compiled to calculate the number and length of contacts which broke in the compression process through iterations. The failure of contacts represents crack initiation and propagation，the compressive failure modes and crack development law were gained at last. It turns out that the shear angle increases slightly with the increasing of confining pressure，and the failure mode is brittle shear containing a set of conjugate shear planes，which is in agreement with numerical simulation results. The shear failure plays the main role in triaxial compression. For the same specimen，the number of shear cracks is 6 times of the tensile cracks，while the length of shear cracks are 40–70 times of the tensile cracks. With the increasing of confining pressure，the maximum length of shear cracks increase gradually from 77.3% to 94%，but the maximum length of the tensile cracks decrease from 16.3% to 12.1%.

Key words： rock mechanics brittle rock variable confining pressure compression failure crack development UDEC

引用本文:

马文强1，王同旭2. 多围压脆岩压缩破坏特征及裂纹扩展规律[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(4): 898-908.
MA Wenqiang1，WANG Tongxu2. Compression failure characteristics and crack propagation of brittle rock under various confining pressures#br#. , 2018, 37(4): 898-908.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.1485 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2018/V37/I4/898

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