加载速率影响的含裂隙类岩石材料破断试验与数值模拟

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0080

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摘要为了探索加载速率对裂隙岩体强度规律及变形特征的影响，分析加载速率与裂隙倾角复合因素影响下裂隙岩体破断响应规律，室内制备含不同倾角裂隙类岩石试件，基于RMT–150B对其进行不同加载速率下的单轴压缩试验，结果表明：在静态加载条件下，裂隙体峰值强度对应应变值与加载速率呈负相关性；相同裂隙倾角下，裂隙体峰值强度呈现出随加载速率的增加而非线性增大的规律；相同加载速率下，裂隙体峰值强度受控于裂隙倾角，在裂隙倾角为15°时出现最小值；裂隙体弹性模量同时受裂隙倾角和加载速率的影响，并随裂隙倾角的增大而近似线性增大，随加载速率的增加而非线性增大，并趋近于一个常数。为弥补室内试验测试技术在反映裂隙体微观形态上的不足，运用PFC2D数值计算平台，基于平直节理接触单元构建裂隙体数值分析模型，设定与室内试验测试环境相同的边界条件，对比完整试件变形破坏特征数据，标定数值模型细观力学参数；数值模拟试验发现：裂隙体峰值强度与裂隙倾角及加载速率之间的关系与室内试验测试结果相吻合；同时获得数值模拟试验过程中的裂隙尖端应力响应规律，发现15°时裂隙尖端应力集中现象最显著。

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	罗可
	招国栋
	曾佳君
	张栩栩
	蒲成志

关键词 ：岩石力学, 加载速率, 类岩石试件, 裂隙体, 强度规律, 变形特征, 数值模拟

Abstract：To investigate the influence of loading rate on the strength and deformation of rock，we analyzed the fracturing characteristics of rock containing cracks with various inclination angles under various loading rates. Uniaxial compression tests under various loading rates on the prefabricated rock specimens，containing cracks with various inclination angles，were conducted using the testing system RMT–150B. The results show that the peak strains correlate negatively to the loading rates when the static load is applied. For the samples with the same inclination angle，the rock strength increases nonlinearly with the increasing of loading rate. For the samples under the same loading rate，the inclination angle affects the peak strength，and the sample having the crack with the inclination angle of 15° has the lowest strength. The elastic modulus increases nonlinearly firstly with the increasing in the loading rate and inclination angle，then，the elastic modulus remains constant. To monitor the micro patterns of the cracks，numerical modelling of the laboratory tests was carried out with the Flat-jointed bond contact elements in PFC2D. The deformation and damage data of intact specimens were used to determine the values of parameters for numerical analysis. The numerical results of cracked samples agree well with the ones from laboratory tests. The numerical results show that high stress concentration occurs at the crack tips of the sample with the inclination angle of crack of 15°.

Key words： rock mechanics loading rate rock-like specimen fractured body strength law deformation characteristics numerical simulation

引用本文:

罗可，招国栋，曾佳君，张栩栩，蒲成志. 加载速率影响的含裂隙类岩石材料破断试验与数值模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(8): 1833-1842.
LUO Ke，ZHAO Guodong，ZENG Jiajun，ZHANG Xuxu，PU Chengzhi. Fracture experiments and numerical simulation of cracked body in rock-like materials affected by loading rate. , 2018, 37(8): 1833-1842.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0080 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2018/V37/I8/1833

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