不同温压条件下油页岩孔裂隙结构演化试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0623

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摘要为了研究进入热解状态后不同温度和压力条件对油页岩热解特性的影响，对? 7 mm×14 mm的油页岩试件进行300 ℃～600 ℃和5～15 MPa不同温压条件下且时长为12 h的热解反应试验，并综合利用显微CT、压汞和SEM试验进行精细化表征，以研究孔裂隙结构的演化特征及其规律。研究结果表明：温度是改变油页岩孔裂隙结构的最重要因素，随着温度的升高，热解破裂作用增强，尤以300 ℃～500 ℃的增幅最为明显，总孔容和孔隙率不断增大，孔径分布由小孔为主向中孔和小孔共同发育为主转变，高温作用下产生了不同尺度的裂缝，且裂缝数量逐渐增多，600 ℃下大裂缝的面积裂缝密度是300 ℃的8.1倍。外部压力的增长在一定程度上与热应力的作用共同促进了原有及新生孔裂隙团及通道的膨胀破裂，使得总孔容和裂缝数量均有所增加，在15 MPa下孔隙率和面积裂缝密度均达到最大值，最大孔隙率是600 ℃且15 MPa下的51.6%。油页岩的热解破裂作用同时受到矿物颗粒膨胀产生的热应力和干酪根的热解作用的共同影响，温度和压力的耦合作用加剧了油页岩的热解破裂程度，共同促进了孔裂隙的产生、扩展和发育。

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	耿毅德1
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	梁卫国1
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	刘剑1
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	康志勤1
	2
	武鹏飞1
	2
	姜玉龙1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 油页岩, 孔裂隙通道, 热解破裂, 结构演化

Abstract：In order to study the effect of temperature and pressure on the pyrolysis characteristics of oil shale，12 hours of pyrolytic reaction experiments were conducted on cylindrical oil shale samples of 14 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter under the temperature from 300 ℃–600 ℃ and pressure 5–15 MPa. The X-ray micro computed tomography，mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the variation of pore and fracture structures. The results show that temperature is the most important factor in changing the structures of oil shale. With the increasing of temperature，the pyrolytic cracking intensifies progressively. The total pore volume and porosity both increase gradually，especially in the range of 300 ℃ to 400 ℃. With the increasing in temperature，the transition pores expand and interconnect to each other，forming larger pores. As a result，the proportions of transition pore and mesopore increases gradually. The fractures of different scales are generated，and the number of fractures increases continuously. The fracture area density of big fracture at 600 ℃ is 8.1 times as high as that at 300 ℃. To a certain extent，the increasing of the external pressure and thermal stress caused by pyrolysis act together to promote the expansion of the original crack and the birth of new cracks，which results in the increasing in the total pore volume and the number of fractures. The porosity and fracture area density reach the maximum at the pressure of 15 MPa，and the maximum porosity is 51.6%. The pyrolytic cracking of oil shale is affected by the thermal stress due to the expansion of mineral particles and pyrolysis of kerogen. The coupling of temperature and pressure increases the degree of pyrolytic cracking and also promotes the generation，expansion and development of pore and fractures.

Key words： rock mechanics oil shale pore and fracture channel pyrolytic cracking structure variation

引用本文:

耿毅德1，2，梁卫国1，2，刘剑1，2，康志勤1，2，武鹏飞1，2，姜玉龙1，2. 不同温压条件下油页岩孔裂隙结构演化试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(11): 2510-2519.
GENG Yide1，2，LIANG Weiguo1，2，LIU Jian1，2，KANG Zhiqin1，2，WU Pengfei1，2，JIANG Yulong1，2. Experimental study on the variation of pore and fracture structure of oil shale under different temperatures and pressures. , 2018, 37(11): 2510-2519.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0623 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2018/V37/I11/2510

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