含孔多裂隙岩石力学特性与破裂分形维数相关性研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0894

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摘要为研究含孔多裂隙岩石破裂及分形特征，制备含孔多裂隙岩石试件并对其进行单轴压缩试验，运用RFPA2D软件数值研究破裂过程，构建悬臂梁和结构面力学模型解释拉伸裂纹的形成机制以及裂隙倾角对试件抗压强度的影响效应。此外，引入盒维数法计算分形维数，以此定量表征最终破坏后的物理、数值模型试件裂纹的几何分布特征及其与破裂特性的相关性。研究结果表明：(1) 试件破坏模式可划分为穿切裂隙剪切破坏(I型)和沿裂隙剪切破坏(II型)2类，试验与数值模拟结果吻合；(2) 孔洞两侧的岩桥可简化为悬臂梁模型，由于非几何对称部位作用的弯矩较大，导致孔洞周边出现较多的拉伸裂纹；(3) 预制多裂隙显著弱化了试件的抗压强度，随着裂隙倾角的增大，抗压强度呈先减小后增大的趋势，弱化系数W的变化规律与之相反，与结构面力学模型的解释一致；(4) 最终破坏后的含孔多裂隙岩石新生裂纹几何分布的分形维数D与破坏特性密切相关；相比于II型破坏，发生I型破坏的试件抗压强度更大，受力过程中出现的宏观裂纹更多且扩展更充分，导致分形维数更大，数据拟合进一步证明抗压强度与分形维数近似服从正相关关系。

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	张科1
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	刘享华1
	李昆1
	吴文远1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 含孔多裂隙岩石, 数值模拟, 力学特性, 分形维数

Abstract：In order to study fracturing and fractal characteristics of rocks containing a hole and multi-flaws，model specimens containing a hole and multi-flaws were prepared and uniaxial compression tests were conducted. Failure process of rock specimens was numerically studied by RFPA2D. Formation mechanism of tensile cracks and the effect of different flaw inclinations on the compression strength were explained by constructing an overhanging beam and structural plane mechanical model. Box-counting dimension method was introduced to quantify new cracks geometric distribution of physical and numerical model specimens after failure，and its correlation with fracture characteristics was investigated. Satisfactory agreement between numerical and test results indicate that the failure modes in the specimen can be classified into two modes，namely cutting through the flaw(mode I) and sliding along the flaw(mode II). The rock bridge near the pre-hole is considered as an overhanging beam model，and the generation of tensile cracks around the hole appears to be produced by the maximum bending moment acting at the non-symmetrical part of the overhanging beam. The compression strength of the specimens is weakened by pre-flaws，which can be explained by the structural plane mechanical model. With increasing the flaw inclination，the compression strength of the specimens decreases first and then increases，while the weakening factor shows a crosscurrent. The fractal dimension of new cracks geometric distribution of rock samples after failure is closely related to fracture characteristics. Compared with mode II，the specimen failing in mode I has a greater compression strength，leading to a higher fractal dimension. The results of data fitting show a positive correlation between the compression strength and the fractal dimension.

Key words： rock mechanics rock containing a hole and multi-flaws numerical simulation mechanical characteristics fractal dimension

引用本文:

张科1，2，刘享华1，李昆1，吴文远1. 含孔多裂隙岩石力学特性与破裂分形维数相关性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(12): 2785-2794.
ZHANG Ke1，2，LIU Xianghua1，LI Kun1，WU Wenyuan1. Investigation on the correlation between mechanical characteristics and fracturing fractal dimension of rocks containing a hole and multi-flaws. , 2018, 37(12): 2785-2794.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0894 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2018/V37/I12/2785

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