低应力水平下土遗址力学特性的干湿循环效应

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0988

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摘要为分析干湿循环对土遗址力学性状的影响规律及作用机制，以遗址粉土为研究对象，采用自制的可分层取样试验装置开展长达15个月的干湿循环测试工作。在完成一定次数的干湿循环后，分别取样进行低应力条件下三轴排水剪切试验，并对部分土样进行相关微观试验。三轴排水剪切试验结果表明，与初始土样相比，1次干湿循环土样的应变软化特征显著增强，但随着干湿循环次数的继续增加，其应变软化性整体上呈减弱趋势；同时，黏聚力c、变形模量E0也都呈现出1次循环后明显增大随后逐渐减小的变化规律。因此，在土遗址浅层破坏修复工程中，建议采用干湿循环稳定后低应力水平下的力学参数进行相关计算。结合压汞试验结果，认为造成上述土体强度及变形参数随干湿循环次数非单调变化的主要原因是，第1次干湿循环后土样团粒内孔隙体积减小，而循环后期团粒内、颗粒间及颗粒内孔隙体积增大。同时，遗址粉土力学特性的干湿循环效应主要受粉土中黏粒“三维网架”的均匀收缩和局部破坏所控制，与黏土的干湿循环作用机制存在本质差异。研究可为土遗址预防性保护及加固提供技术依据和理论支撑。

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	任克彬1
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	王博1
	李新明3
	尹松3

关键词 ：土力学, 土遗址, 力学特性, 干湿循环, 土柱, 孔径分布

Abstract：In order to analyze the influence law and mechanism of dry-wet circulation on the mechanical properties of earthen archaeological site，the dry-wet circulation test was carried out by using the self-made stratified sampling test device. The test lasted as long as 15 months. The samples which were prepared for microscopic test and triaxial drainage shear test under low stress conditions were from the soil column after a certain number of dry and wet cycles. Triaxial drainage shear test results show that the strain softening characteristics are enhanced significantly when the soil experiences the first dry-wet circulation. As the number of dry-wet cycles continues to increase，the strain softening decreases gradually on the whole. The cohesion c and deformation modulus E0 also increase significantly after one cycle，and then gradually decrease. The strength and deformation parameters of soil show the law of nonmonotonic change under the action of dry-wet circulation. It was suggested that mechanical parameters of dry-wet circulation after stabilization under low stress level should be used for the shallow damage restoration project in earthen archaeological sites. Combined with the mercury injection test results，It was concluded that the main reason of the nonmonotonic change law is that the volume of intra-aggregate pore decreases after one cycle and then the volumes of intra-aggregate，intragranular pores and intergranular pores increase at the later stage of circulation. The dry-wet circulation effect of silt mechanical properties may be mainly controlled by the uniform shrinkage and local failure of clay "three-dimensional grid structure" in silt，which is essentially different from that of clay. The research can provide technical basis and theoretical support for the preventive protection and reinforcement of earthen archaeological site.

Key words： soil mechanics earthen archaeological site mechanical properties dry-wet cycles soil column pore size distribution

引用本文:

任克彬1，2，王博1，李新明3，尹松3. 低应力水平下土遗址力学特性的干湿循环效应[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(2): 376-385.
REN Kebin1，2，WANG Bo1，LI Xinming3，YIN Song3. Effect of dry-wet cycles on the mechanical properties of earthen archaeological site under low stresses. , 2019, 38(2): 376-385.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0988 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2019/V38/I2/376

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