框架通风锚管多年冻土边坡支护结构的降温效果研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1202

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摘要框架通风锚管多年冻土边坡支护结构是基于“积极保护冻土”的原则提出的一种同时具备通风降温功能和锚固功能的新型多年冻土边坡支护结构，为了推动该结构在工程中的应用，现对其降温效果进行研究。首先，对通风锚管与土体之间的管壁换热机制进行分析，得出考虑风速影响的管壁热流密度计算公式；然后建立通风锚管径向传热模型，以管壁热流密度作为锚管边界条件，通过摄动方法求解，得出径向冻结锋面扩展的降温效果评价指标；同时，基于能量守恒定律得出通风锚管轴向坡面融深变化的另一降温效果评价指标；采用自主研发的有限元程序对通风锚管的降温效果进行数值模拟，并结合理论结果进行验证分析。结果表明：管壁的热交换作用是对流换热和蒸发散热两种作用的叠加；通风锚管具备较好的降温效果，且受管壁开孔率的影响较大；给出的评价指标能够全面的评价通风锚管的降温效果；有限元结果也证实了通风锚管良好的降温效果以及评价指标的合理性。研究成果能够为结构的设计提供理论依据和指导。

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	董建华1
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关键词 ：边坡工程, 通风锚管, 多年冻土边坡, 热流密度, 摄动方法, 能量守恒定律, 降温效果

Abstract：Permafrost slope supporting structure with frame ventilation anchor pipes has both ventilation cooling and anchoring functions. In order to promote the application of this structure in engineering，its cooling effect was studied. Firstly，the heat exchange mechanism between the ventilation pipe and the soil was analyzed，and a formula for calculating the heat flux of the pipe wall under the influence of the wind speed was obtained. Then，a radial heat transfer model of the ventilation anchor pipe was established，and an evaluation index of cooling effect of radial frozen front expansion was obtained by taking the heat flux density of the pipe wall as the anchor pipe boundary condition adopting the perturbation method. Meanwhile，another evaluation index of cooling effect of thawed depth variation on the axial slope under the supporting of ventilation anchor pipes was obtained based on the energy conservation law. In addition，the cooling effect of the ventilation anchor pipe was simulated with the self-developed finite element program and verified combined with the theoretical results. The results show that the heat exchange action of the pipe wall is the superposition of convective heat transfer and evaporative heat dissipation and that the ventilation anchor pipe has a good cooling effect which is greatly affected by the open porosity of the pipe wall. It is also indicated that the evaluation indexes can comprehensively evaluate the cooling effect of the ventilation anchor pipe. The research results can provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the design of the structure.

Key words： slope engineering ventilation anchor pipes permafrost slopes heat flux density perturbation method energy conservation law cooling effect

引用本文:

董建华1，2，孙国栋1，2. 框架通风锚管多年冻土边坡支护结构的降温效果研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(6): 1209-1221.
DONG Jianhua1，2，SUN Guodong1，2. Study on the cooling effect of permafrost slope supporting structure#br# with frame ventilation anchor pipes. , 2019, 38(6): 1209-1221.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1202 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2019/V38/I6/1209

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