细观特征对片岩起裂应力与裂纹扩展各向异性的影响

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1401

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摘要压缩作用下，含片理面脆性片岩的渐进破坏表现出各向异性。为探讨片岩起裂应力与裂纹扩展各向异性特征及其与岩石细观因素的相关性，选取3类石英云母片岩样品，首先开展岩样的细观试验，并定量分析3类样品在微裂隙(孔隙)的细观特征方面的差异。试验发现样品中的云母矿物易定向聚集形成非均质层，微裂隙主要沿该矿物边缘定向展布，而在其他部位则表现出方向的不规则性。进而开展不同片理角圆柱试样的单轴压缩试验，基于试样破坏形态与应力–应变曲线特征，通过断裂力学的理论分析，得出轴压斜交( = 30° )与垂直( = 90°)非均质层作用时，定向微裂隙与具有优势角的不规则微裂隙(孔隙)分别控制着岩石的起裂；云母矿物的边缘弱面是否对裂纹扩展具有导向、促进作用，与加载方向密切相关，由此造成不同片理角试样宏观剪切破坏形态的差异。应力、应变数据的统计分析结果与细观数据表明，试样的起裂应力及起裂应力水平表现出较好的规律性，这与岩石的非均质特征、微裂隙(孔隙)特征(分布、数量、尺寸、性质)等相关。

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	尹晓萌1
	晏鄂川2
	黄少平2
	冯波1
	王鲁男3

关键词 ：岩石力学, 石英云母片岩, 起裂应力, 裂纹扩展, 各向异性, 细观因素

Abstract：The progressive failure of brittle schist with schistose planes shows anisotropy under compression loading. In order to study the anisotropic properties of crack initiation stress and crack propagation of schist and their correlations with micro factors，three types of quartz mica schist samples were selected. Firstly，the optical section analysis of these samples was carried out，and the differences among the characteristics of micro- fissures(pores) of three type samples were quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the mica minerals in the samples are easy to form heterogeneous layers by directional aggregation，and that the micro-fissures are mainly distributed along the edge of the mineral while the developmental direction of the defects in other parts is irregular. Then，uniaxial compression tests were performed on cylindrical specimens with different schistose angles，and the failure morphology and stress-strain curve characteristics of the specimens were investigated. Theoretical analysis of fracture mechanics shows that，when the compression loading is oblique to( =30°) and perpendicular to ( =90°) the heterogeneous layer，the initiation of rock fracture is respectively controlled by the directional micro-fissures and the irregular micro-fissures(pores) with dominant angles. The guiding and promoting effect of the weak edge of directionally aggregated minerals on crack growth is closely dependent on the loading direction，which results in the difference of macro shear failure modes of specimens with different schistose angles. Statistical analysis results of stress and strain data as well as the data reflecting micro properties show that the initiation stress and the initiation stress level of specimens have good regularity，which is related to the heterogeneity of rocks and the characteristics of micro-fissures(pores) such as distribution，quantity，size and nature.

Key words： rock mechanics quartz mica schist crack initiation stress crack propagation anisotropy micro factors

引用本文:

尹晓萌1，晏鄂川2，黄少平2，冯波1，王鲁男3. 细观特征对片岩起裂应力与裂纹扩展各向异性的影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(7): 1373-1384.
YIN Xiaomeng1，YAN Echuan2，HUANG Shaoping2，FENG Bo1，WANG Lunan3. Influence of microscopic characteristics on the anisotropy of #br# crack initiation stress and crack propagation of schist#br#. , 2019, 38(7): 1373-1384.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1401 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2019/V38/I7/1373

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