深井高应力巷道定向拉张爆破切顶卸压围岩控制技术研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0465

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摘要巷道安全关系到煤矿的高产高效，深部矿井的巷道稳定性控制尤为重要。以红庆河煤矿3－1101工作面为工程背景，分析深井高应力巷道围岩变形机制，提出一种深部巷道定向拉张爆破切顶卸压围岩控制技术，并运用数值模拟及现场试验等方法对该技术的作用效果开展综合研究。研究发现，定向拉张爆破切顶卸压技术可保证在不破坏本工作面巷道稳定性的前提下，通过人为主动控制覆岩结构垮断位置，达到优化巷道应力环境的目的。但是，不同切顶效果下，围岩垮落形态、应力分布及变形特征有所差别。数值模拟发现，在一定范围内，增大切顶高度有利于促进采空区顶板岩层垮落，减少悬顶空间，并减小传递至实体煤上的采空区覆岩荷载。增强切顶效果可减小巷道变形，加快巷道围岩稳定。现场试验发现，随着切顶效果增强，煤体内应力峰值和应力稳定值均会下降，应力达到稳定后的滞后工作面距离会缩短，控制巷道的围岩变形量及变形速率会减小。实践证明，采用该技术后，深井高应力巷道的围岩大变形问题得以有效解决。

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	高玉兵1
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	杨军1
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	张星宇1
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	薛浩杰1
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	何满潮1

关键词 ：采矿工程, 深井, 高应力巷道, 切顶卸压, 定向拉张爆破, 巷道稳定性控制

Abstract：Roadway safety is related to the high productivity and high efficiency of coal mining，and the stability control of roadways in deep coal mines is particularly important. Based on the engineering background of 3－1101 working face of Hongqinghe coal mine，the mechanism of surrounding rock deformation in high-stress roadways was analyzed，and a surrounding rock control technology for deep roadways by directional roof cutting and pressure release was then proposed. The applicability of the technology was studied using numerical modeling and field experiment. It was found that the directional roof cutting and pressure release technology can help to optimize the stress environment of the roadway by artificially controlling the overburden structure without destroying the stability of the roadway. For different roof cutting effects，however，the caving shape，stress distribution and deformation characteristics of the entry surrounding rock are different. Numerical simulations show that，within a certain range，increasing the roof cutting height is beneficial to promote the collapse of the gob roof strata，to reduce the suspended roof length and to diminish the overburden load which was transmitted from the gob roof to the solid coal. Enhancing the roof cutting effect can reduce the deformation of the roadway and accelerate the stability of the entry surrounding rock. Field experiments show that，with enhancing the roof cutting effect，the peak stress and stabilized stress in the coal body decrease，the distance to be stabilized behind the working face is shortened and the deformation and deformation rate of the surrounding rock are reduced. Application of the proposed technology in practice indicates that the large deformation problem of surrounding rock in deep high-stress roadway is effectively solved.

Key words： mining engineering deep coal mine high-stress roadways roof cutting and pressure release directional tensile blasting stability control of roadways

引用本文:

高玉兵1，2，杨军1，2，张星宇1，2，薛浩杰1，2，何满潮1. 深井高应力巷道定向拉张爆破切顶卸压围岩控制技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(10): 2045-2056.
GAO Yubing1，2，YANG Jun1，2，ZHANG Xingyu1，2，XUE Haojie1，2，HE Manchao1. Study on surrounding rock control of roadways in deep coal mines based on roof cutting and pressure release technology by directional tensile blasting #br#. , 2019, 38(10): 2045-2056.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0465 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2019/V38/I10/2045

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