一种新型J释能锚杆力学作用机制及其动力冲击实验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0663

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摘要依据深部开采矿山动力灾害特征及现有释能锚杆的优、缺点，研制出一种新型J释能锚杆，该释能锚杆由锚固(阻尼)模块、变形模块、搅拌模块以及锚固端组成。建立J释能锚杆静止拉拔受力模型与动力冲击过程本构方程，J释能锚杆动力冲击承载本构由弹簧元件与阻尼元件并联组成。在给定初始动力冲击荷载条件下，随着阻尼比增加，沿锚杆轴向方向震荡振幅衰减速度越快，即释能锚杆阻尼作用越大，越利于快速释放冲击动载荷产生的动能。通过在加拿大CANMET实验室对J释能锚杆进行静止拉拔和动力冲击实验，实验结果表明：(1) J释能锚杆静止拉拔力在190 kN以上，在静止拉拔作用下J释能锚杆能提供高恒定锚固力；(2) 对释能锚杆进行落锤动力冲击实验，在多次冲击过程中J释能锚杆承受冲击峰值荷载均超过250 kN，单次动力冲击释能达到19.3 kJ以上，总释能能力达到46.5 kJ，表明J释能锚杆能承受多次动力冲击荷载，且释能能力稳定。由于岩体内节理的客观存在，在经受岩爆等动力冲击时，释能支护锚固的岩体在岩体内节理面处产生剪胀、拉伸破坏，而在巷道(采场)围岩体表面的支护结构体系不会受动力冲击破坏，有效释放高震级岩爆积聚在岩体内的动能，为深部开采矿山动力灾害防控提供新的支护手段。

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	赵兴东
	朱乾坤
	牛佳安
	杨晓明
	张姝婧
	陈玉民

关键词 ：采矿工程, 深部开采, J释能锚杆, 动力灾害, 静力拉拔实验, 动力冲击实验

Abstract：On the basis of dynamic disaster characteristics induced by deep mining and the advantages and disadvantages of energy-releasing bolts，a novel kind of J energy-releasing bolts consisting of anchorage(damping) module，deformation module，blending section and anchorage section was developed，and static pullout model and dynamic impact consititive model of J energy-releasing bolts were established. The dynamic impact consititive model consists of spring and damping elements in parallel. Given an initial dynamic impact load，the oscillation amplitude of J energy-releasing bolts will quickly attenuate along the bolt axial impact direction with increasing the damping ratio，that is，the greater the damping effect of J energy-releasing bolts，the more quickly the dynamic impact energy releases. The static pullout test and the dynamic impact test of J energy-releasing bolts were done in the Candian CANMET laboratory. The experimental results show that the static pullout load is greater than 190 kN，and that the bolt can not only allow large sliding displacement but also provide a large constant anchorage force under static pullout condition. Under multiple dynamic impact loading condition，the peak load of J energy-releasing bolts exceeds 250 kN every time. The release energy of J energy-releasing bolts exceeds 19.3 kJ under one time dynamic impact condition and the total energy release capacity reaches 46.5 kJ，which shows that J energy-releasing bolts can bear multiple dynamic impact loading and the energy release capacity is stable. Due to the objective existence of joints in rock mass，the energy-release bolted rock mass can generate dilatation and tensile failure in the joint surface of rock mass under dynamic impact condition such as rockburst etc.，but the support structure system in the surface of the tunnelling(stope) will not be damaged by the dynamic impact，which can effectively release the kinetic energy accumulated in the rock mass induced by high magnitude rockburst. The research can provide new support idea for preventing and controlling the mine dynamic hazards induced by deep mining.

Key words： mining engineering')" href="#">

mining engineering deep mining J energy-releasing bolts dynamic hazards static pulling test
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引用本文:

赵兴东，朱乾坤，牛佳安，杨晓明，张姝婧，陈玉民. 一种新型J释能锚杆力学作用机制及其动力冲击实验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(1): 13-21.
ZHAO Xingdong，ZHU Qiankun，NIU Jiaan，YANG Xiaoming，ZHANG Shujing，CHEN Yumin. Mechanical mechanism analyses and dynamic impact experimental tests of a kind of novel J energy-releasing bolts#br#. , 2020, 39(1): 13-21.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0663 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2020/V39/I1/13

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