黄河源区河岸带高寒草甸植物根–土复合体抗拉特性研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0591

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摘要植物根系作为一种特殊的河岸物质组成材料，对改变土体力学特性具有重要作用。采用现场挖空法，在黄河源区二元结构河岸的3个点位开展2种植被群落类型的根–土复合体抗拉特性原位试验，分析滨河草甸植被根系对增强河岸物质抗拉特性的作用。高寒草甸河岸崩塌宽度为0.52～0.70 m，明显大于一般黏性土河岸的崩塌宽度，而且原生草甸河岸的崩岸宽度大于中度退化草甸河岸。原位试验结果表明原生高寒草甸植物群落优势植物的华扁穗草的单根平均抗拉强度为31.67 MPa，比中度退化的优势植物垂穗披碱草高15.52 MPa，且其根面积比相比中度退化的植物群落高2～3倍。可见，植物根系的存在对抑制河岸崩塌速率具有一定的作用。应用河岸崩塌临界平衡公式，计算研究区3个点位的根–土复合体的抗拉强度值分别为66.86，21.29和22.63 kPa，这说明单根抗拉强度及根面积比对提高根–土复合体抗拉强度具有重要的作用。通过用修正系数后的Wu-Waldron根系增强模型公式验证，2种计算方法得出的根–土复合体抗拉强度值符合较好，相对误差在2.12%～9.21%。试验方法可为原位测量含根河岸土体的抗拉强度提供参考，同时为揭示黄河源区弯曲河流河岸崩退机制提供数据支撑。

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	李本锋1
	朱海丽1
	2
	谢彬山1
	罗露瑶1
	李国荣1
	2
	胡夏嵩1

关键词 ：土力学；高寒草甸；根&ndash, 土复合体；抗拉强度；崩塌宽度；二元结构；张拉裂缝

Abstract：As a special material of bank soil composition，riparian plant roots play an important role in adjusting mechanical properties of soils. In-situ tensile tests of two types of vegetation community root-soil composites were carried out by the hollowing method at three sites at the river bank of the source region of the Yellow River covered by alpine meadow，and the reinforcement effect of the root system of meadow vegetation on the tensile strength of soils of the river bank was analyzed. The collapse width of the meadow-covered bank is 0.52–0.70 m and obviously larger than that of the cohesive soil bank，and the collapse width of the native meadow bank is higher than that of the moderately degraded meadow bank. The average single root tensile strength of Blysmus sinocompressus，a dominant species of native alpine meadow，is 31.67 MPa，which is 15.52 MPa higher than that of the moderately degraded meadow dominant species Elymus nutans. The root area ratio of the former is about 2–3 times higher than that of the later. It is shown that the root system of riparian meadow has an inhibition effect on bank collapse process. The tensile strengths of vegetation root-soil composites in the three sites calculated by the critical equilibrium formula of bank collapse are 66.86，21.29 and 22.63 kPa，respectively. It is also indicated that the tensile strength of a single root and the root area ratio have a positive effect on enhancing the tensile strength of the soil-root composite. The tensile strength of the soil-root composite obtained by the critical equilibrium formula is in good agreement with that by Wu-Waldron root system model with a correction coefficient and the relative error is between 2.12%–9.21%. This test method is of importance to the in-situ measurement of the soil-root composite at riparian banks and provides field data for the theoretical study on bank collapse mechanisms in this region.

Key words： soil mechanics alpine meadow root-soil complex tensile strength collapse width binary structure tensile crack

引用本文:

李本锋1，朱海丽1，2，谢彬山1，罗露瑶1，李国荣1，2，胡夏嵩1. 黄河源区河岸带高寒草甸植物根–土复合体抗拉特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(2): 424-432.
LI Benfeng1，ZHU Haili1，2，XIE Binshan1，LUO Luyao1，LI Guorong1，2，HU Xiasong1. Study on tensile properties of root-soil composite of alpine meadow plants in the riparian zone of the Yellow River source region. , 2020, 39(2): 424-432.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0591 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I2/424

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