西南地区某深埋隧道花岗岩破坏机制与前兆特征研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1151

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摘要通过开展单轴压缩–声发射–弹性波速–SEM扫描试验，对西南地区某隧道花岗岩的破坏模式、机制及前兆特征进行研究。研究发现：(1) 该隧道花岗岩破坏具有明显的“时滞型”和“即时型”特征，“时滞型”破坏有时还表现出显著的“间歇型”特征。“时滞型”破坏的声响、现象、孕育时间与持续时间都明显不同于“即时型”破坏；(2)“时滞型”以剪切破坏为主，“即时型”以拉剪复合破坏为主；(3)“时滞型”破坏前，lg(AF/RA)值（可表征破坏类型的声发射特征参数）具有显著升高的趋势，而“即时型”破坏前，lg(AF/RA)值变化趋势不明显；(4) 2种破坏发生前，波速都有明显降低的趋势，但“时滞型”破坏的波速降低前兆早于“即时型”出现，波速降低的幅度也大于“即时型”；(5)“时滞型”破坏主频带宽明显大于“即时型”，而主频均值明显低于“即时型”。“时滞型”破坏前，在170～260 kHz频带之间的主频分布逐渐加强，具有“成核”趋势；而“即时型”破坏前兆特征不明显。研究成果对于西南地区花岗岩岩爆发生机制的认知、预警以及防治具有重要意义。

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	陈炳瑞1
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	魏凡博1
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	王睿3
	李涛1
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	朱新豪1
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	王旭1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 深埋花岗岩, 声发射, 破坏模式, 破坏机制, 前兆特征

Abstract：In this study，a uniaxial compression with acoustic emission，elastic wave velocity and SEM scanning test was conducted to study the failure mode，mechanism and precursory characteristics of deep buried granite in Southwest China.It is found that the granite in the tunnel has obvious “time-delayed type” and “immediate type” failure characteristics and the “time-delayed type” failure also has obvious “intermittent”characteristics. The sound，phenomenon，incubation time and duration of “time-delayed type”failure are obviously different from those of “immediate type”failure；The “time-delayed type”is dominated by shear failure，while the “immediate type”is dominated by tension-shear mixed failure. Before failure，lg(AF/RA)(characteristic parameters of acoustic emission that can represent failure types)of the “time-delayed type”increases obviously，while the change of the “immediate type” is not obvious. The wave velocity of the two types before failure decreases obviously，but compared to the “immediate type”，the precursor of the “time-delayed type” failure appears earlier and the amplitude of the decrease is larger. Besides，the main frequency bandwidth of the“time-delayed type” is larger while the mean value of main frequency of the“time-delayed type” is lower. Before the “time-delayed type” failure，the dominant frequency distribution between the bands of 170-260 kHz is strengthened with a trend of “nucleation”，but the precursory feature of “immediate type” failure is not obvious. The research results are of great significance to the recognition of occurrence mechanism，early warning and prevention of granite rockburst in Southwest China.

Key words： rock mechanics deep buried granite acoustic emission failure mode failure mechanism precursory characteristics

引用本文:

陈炳瑞1，2，魏凡博1，2，王睿3，李涛1，2，朱新豪1，2，王旭1，2. 西南地区某深埋隧道花岗岩破坏机制与前兆特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(3): 469-479.
CHEN Bingrui1，2，WEI Fanbo1，2，WANG Rui3，LI Tao1，2，ZHU Xinhao1，2，WANG Xu1，2. Failure mechanisms and precursory characteristics of deep buried granite in a tunnel in Southwest China. , 2020, 39(3): 469-479.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.1151 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I3/469

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