加锚岩体侧向冲击载荷下动力响应规律研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0171

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摘要锚杆支护系统是控制深部脆性岩体动力灾害的重要技术手段，但动态锚固理论仍滞后于工程实践。根据实际工程中锚杆支护脆性岩体动态破坏特点，通过室内相似物理模型试验研究了加锚岩体侧向冲击载荷下的动力响应规律，分析冲击能量和锚杆力学特性对岩体力学行为的影响。试验结果表明：加锚岩体裂缝模式以剪切裂缝和受弯裂缝为主，跨中斜裂缝密集性高，斜裂缝与垂直方向夹角约45°，加锚岩体中的锚杆强度和韧性能抑制裂缝的发育，尤其是抑制贯通的裂缝。锚杆强度越高、冲击吸收功越大，加锚岩体的裂缝开度越小，加锚岩体整体吸能能力越强；冲击速度和锚杆强度对加锚岩体的落锤冲击力和锚杆轴力有一定影响。冲击速度越大，加锚岩体的冲击力平台值和锚杆轴力平台值越大，相应的作用时间越短；锚杆强度越高，冲击力平台值相应越大，冲击作用时间越短，冲击力衰减斜率越大；锚杆可显著提高岩体表面的应变峰值，改善岩体表面的拉应变状态。整体来看，锚杆强度和韧性对岩体抗冲击性能影响显著，通过提高锚杆强度和韧性可改善岩体的抗冲击性能。

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	吴拥政1
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	郝登云1
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关键词 ：岩石力学, 冲击地压, 锚杆支护, 加锚岩体, 冲击载荷, 落锤试验

Abstract：Rockbolt support system is an important technical approach to control the dynamic disasters that occurr in deep underground engineering with brittle surrounding rockmass，but the dynamic anchorage theory still lags behind the engineering practice. In this investigation，the indoor similar physical model test was performed to research the dynamic response law of rock mass with anchors under lateral impact loads. The influences of the impact energy and the mechanical characteristics of the anchor on the mechanical behavior of rock mass were analyzed. The test results show that shear and flexural fractures are the mainly mode of the rockmass with anchors，and that the inclined fractures in the middle span at about 45°with the normal direction are dense. The strength and toughness of the rockbolt can inhibit the development of the cracks of the rockmass，especially the connected cracks. The higher the rockbolt strength，the greater the impact absorption energy，the smaller the crack opening of the anchored rockmass，and the stronger the overall energy absorption capacity of the anchored rockmass. The impact velocity and the rockbolt strength affect the impact force of the drop weight and the axial force of the rockbolt. Specifically，the larger the impact velocity is，the larger the platform values of both the impact force and the axial force of the anchored rockmass are，and the shorter the corresponding action time is. The higher the rockbolt strength，the larger the platform value of the impact force，the shorter the impact time and the larger the slope of impact force attenuation. Rockbolt can significantly enhance the peak strain and improve the tensile strain state of the rock surface. Totally，the strength and the toughness of the rockbolt have a significant impact on the impact resistance of the rock mass. The impact resistance of the rock mass can be improved by improving the strength and the toughness of the rockbolt.

Key words： rock mechanics rock burst bolt support anchored rock mass impact load drop hammer test

引用本文:

吴拥政1，2，3，付玉凯1，2，3，郝登云1，2，3. 加锚岩体侧向冲击载荷下动力响应规律研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(10): 2014-2024.
WU Yongzheng1，2，3，FU Yukai1，2，3，HAO Dengyun1，2，3. Study on dynamic response law of anchored rock mass under lateral impact loads. , 2020, 39(10): 2014-2024.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0171 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I10/2014

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