超重力离心模型试验中孔隙水压测试影响因素与标定方法

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.1188

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摘要孔隙水压力测试是岩土工程监测和物理试验的关键技术之一，但超重力离心模型试验中离心加速度、黏滞液体、高频振动等特殊条件，对其测试可靠性的影响尚缺乏深入研究与认识。设计开展一组干砂、饱和砂、纯液体离心模型平行标定试验，探讨单一状态参数作用下3种典型孔压传感器响应的变化特征和误差成因。结果表明：(1) 随离心加速度增加，干砂埋设孔压计幅值呈上升或下降趋势，与上覆压力基本无关，但离心加速度50 g下变化值均小于1.0 kPa，可忽略。(2) 随黏滞系数增加，孔压计响应速率和分辨力均发生下降，1～100 cst条件下2Mie，DSP–II和HC–25响应速率分别由4.92，4.98，10.75 ms降至13.42，13.15，20.01 ms，分辨力由54，59，121 Pa分别降至109，113，213 Pa，在液化阈值和孔压增量模型研究中应给予适当考虑。(3) 布设方向对饱和模型孔压测试具有显著影响，顺向孔压振荡严重，孔压比振幅达0.78～1.02；竖向超静孔压比明显偏高，处于1.04～1.20，原因分别为地震剪应力和超静孔压渗流的干扰作用。(4) 强电磁环境影响可忽略。提出的标定方法与研究结论，为提高超重力离心试验孔压量测技术和修订规范建立了重要指导依据与数据支撑。

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	王永志1
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	汤兆光1
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	张雪东3
	孙锐1
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	张宇亭4

关键词 ：土力学, 超重力试验, 孔隙水压力测试, 标定方法, 影响因素, 标准化

Abstract：Miniature pore water pressure transducer is one of crucial testing techniques in geotechnical engineering monitoring and physical model test. With centrifuge model test featured by factors of centrifugal acceleration，viscous liquid and high frequency vibration，influences of these factors on miniature pore water pressure measurement are worth to explore and understand. A set of centrifuge tests consisting of dry sand，saturated sand and pure liquid models are carried out to calibrate the measuring reliability of pore water pressure transducers by varying a single state parameter in the tests，the response characteristics and measurement error of three typical miniature transducers are revealed and analyzed. The results show that as increasing centrifuge acceleration，amplitudes of all transducers in the dry sand model present distinct increasing or decreasing trends independent of their buried depths. However，as centrifuge accelerations less than 50 g，all variations of the amplitudes are less than 1.0 kPa，indicating that the influence of the centrifuge accelerations is negligible. With viscosity coefficient ranging from 1cst to100cst，response time and dynamic resolution of the transducers are both impaired. For the transducers of 2Mie，DSP–II and HC–25，the response time grows from 4.92，4.98 and 10.75 ms to 13.42，13.15 and 20.01 ms，while their dynamic resolutions weaken from 54，59 and 121 Pa to 109，113 and 213 Pa. Such influence are worthy of taking into account for the study of liquefaction threshold and pore water pressure increment relation. The influence of transducer placement directions on pore pressure measurement in the saturated model test is noticeable. The pore water pressure ratios of the transducers placed parallel to the shaking direction exhibit unexpectedly remarkable oscillation with the magnitudes varying from 0.78 to 1.02. Simultaneously，the pore water pressure ratios of the transducers placed vertically arise considerable values between 1.04 and 1.20. The influences arisen in parallel and vertical placement are likely attributed to the disturbances of dynamic cyclic shear stress and excess pressure-induced pore water seepage respectively. The intensive electromagnetic interference on the transducer responses appears inconsiderable. The calibration method and results provide important guidance and dataset for the development pore water pressure measurement techniques and the revision of specifications for dynamic centrifuge model tests.

Key words： soil mechanics dynamic centrifuge modelling pore water pressure measurement calibration method influence factor normalization

引用本文:

王永志1，2，汤兆光1，2，张雪东3，孙锐1，2，张宇亭4. 超重力离心模型试验中孔隙水压测试影响因素与标定方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(S2): 3433-3443.
WANG Yongzhi1，2，TANG Zhaoguang1，2，ZHANG Xuedong3，SUN Rui1，2，ZHANG Yuting4. Calibration method and reliability evaluation of pore water pressure measurement in dynamic centrifuge modelling. , 2022, 41(S2): 3433-3443.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.1188 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/IS2/3433

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