产气具弱化坚硬顶板力学机制及损伤特征分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1307

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摘要为研究新型压裂装置—— 产气具弱化坚硬顶板的力学机制及损伤特征，建立产气具多阶段弱化坚硬顶板的动力学模型，计算弱化过程中顶板的有效应力和损伤程度，得到顶板的形态特征和损伤特征演化。结果表明：在产气具燃烧阶段，高压气体预先扩展钻孔周围岩体的原生裂缝；在气压达到压敏材料强度后引发的爆轰阶段，由于冲击波、应力波和爆生气体的共同作用，造成顶板近场粉碎、中场破裂、远场震动。产气具压裂技术弱化后的顶板损伤特征区域，相较于爆破压裂技术，粉碎区半径减小约22%，破裂区半径增大约23%，损伤区半径增大约5%；相较于水力压裂技术，粉碎区半径增大约133%，破裂区半径和损伤区半径减小，但损伤均匀性显著提高。产气具适用于节理、裂缝发育较少的稳定顶板，可充分发挥高压气体的作用效果，其与压敏材料强度、原生裂缝长度均呈正相关，与岩体初始围压呈负相关。结合现场试验效果，验证了产气具弱化坚硬顶板的有效性和优越性。

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	杜建1
	左建平1
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	吴根水1
	赵善坤3

关键词 ：采矿工程, 产气具, 坚硬顶板, 压裂技术, 弱化机制, 损伤特征

Abstract：To study the mechanical mechanism and damage characteristics of the new fracturing device gas producing device weakening hard roof，the dynamic model of multistage weakening hard roof with gas producing tool is established，the effective stress and damage degree of the roof during the weakening process are calculated，and the morphological characteristic change and damage characteristic evolution of the roof are obtained. The results show that the high-pressure gas pre-expands the primary cracks in the rock mass around the borehole during the combustion stage of gas producing tool；the detonation stage occurs when the pressure reaches the strength of the pressure-sensitive material，due to the combined action of shock wave，stress wave and explosive gas，the near field crushing，mid field fracturing and far field vibration of the roof are caused. The damage characteristic area of roof weakened by gas producing tool fracturing technique is compared with blasting fracturing technique，the crushing zone radius is decreased by about 22%，the fracture zone radius is increased by about 23%，and damage zone radius is increased by about 5%，compared with hydraulic fracturing technique，the crushing zone radius is increased by 133%，the fracture zone radius and damage zone radius are reduced，but the damage uniformity is significantly improved. The gas production tool is suitable for stable roof with less joint cracks，which can give full play to the effect of high-pressure gas，which is positively correlated with the strength of pressure-sensitive materials and the length of primary cracks，and negatively correlated with the initial confining pressure of rock mass. Combined with the field test results，the effectiveness and superiority of the gas producing tool weakening hard roof are verified.

Key words： mining engineering gas producing tool hard roof fracturing technique weakening mechanism damage characteristics

引用本文:

杜建1，左建平1，2，吴根水1，赵善坤3. 产气具弱化坚硬顶板力学机制及损伤特征分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(9): 2224-2236.
DU Jian1，ZUO Jianping1，2，WU Genshui1，ZHAO Shankun3. Analysis of mechanical mechanism and damage characteristics of new fracturing device gas producing tool weakening hard roof. , 2023, 42(9): 2224-2236.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.1307 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I9/2224

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